1：Experimental Design and Method Selection

The study compares conventional linear laser keyhole welding and beam wobbling techniques at two weld travel speeds and power settings to evaluate their effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Mg dissimilar joints with a Ni interlayer.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources

Base metals used are AA6022 aluminum alloy and AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets with dimensions of 25 × 100 × 2 mm. A 0.1 mm pure nickel interlayer was inserted at the faying surface.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials

Laser welding was conducted using an IPG Photonics fiber laser YLS-6000. Specimens were cut using a Struers Accutom-50 precision cutter. Microstructural observations and elemental analysis were conducted using Zeiss Ultra Plus scanning electron microscopy (SEM) device equipped with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Vickers hardness device was used for hardness measurements.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow

Laser welding was performed with fixed parameters including laser mode, process fiber diameter, focal length, spot size at focus, shield gas, beam tilt angle, wobble frequency, wobble amplitude, and wobble pattern. Varied parameters included laser power and weld speed.

5：Data Analysis Methods

Microstructural observations, elemental analysis via EDX, and hardness measurements were conducted to evaluate the weld regions. The formation enthalpies and Gibbs energy of compounds were calculated to understand the interactions between Al, Mg, and Ni.