研究目的
Investigating the effects of titanium on grain boundary strength in molybdenum laser weld bead and the formation and strengthening mechanisms of brazing layer to improve the joint strength for nuclear power applications.
研究成果
The addition of titanium to molybdenum laser welded joints significantly improves their strength by reducing the content of MoO2 and free oxygen at grain boundaries, forming TiO2 particles. Brazing with a titanium foil further enhances joint strength, achieving the same strength as the base material. These findings facilitate the application of molybdenum in nuclear power and provide a new approach for improving socket joints made of refractory materials.
研究不足
The study focuses on the effects of titanium on molybdenum laser weld beads and brazing layers, but the generalizability to other alloying elements or welding methods is not explored. The experimental conditions are specific to the materials and equipment used.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
Titanium was selected as an alloying element to reduce brittleness of laser weld beads in molybdenum "cladding-end plug" socket joints. Brazing was also performed to enhance the joint strength.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
A lanthanum oxide (La2O3) dispersion-strengthened Mo alloy was used. Cladding tubes and solid end plugs were produced by forging and hot rolling.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
IPG TLS-4000 optical fibre laser device, Yaskawa HP20 robot, a rotary fixture, a preheating device, and an argon (Ar) shielding device. TA1 Ti foil sheets with thicknesses of 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 mm were used.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
Ti was added using two different methods, A and B. Method A: Ti foil was added in a circular form. Method B: Ti foil was added in a "T-flange"-shaped form. Welding was completed within 20 min after polishing and cleaning procedures.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and electron probe micro-analyser (EPMA) were used for analysis.
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IPG TLS-4000 optical fibre laser device
TLS-4000
IPG
Used for laser welding with a maximum output power of 4 kW.
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Zeiss Gemini 500 scanning electron microscope
Gemini 500
Zeiss
Used to observe the morphology of the tensile fractures.
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JEM-2100 Plus high-resolution scanning-transmission electron microscope
JEM-2100 Plus
JEOL
Used to analyse the precipitated phase under an accelerating voltage of 200 kV.
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Thermo Fisher ESCALAB Xi+ X-ray photoelectron spectrometer
ESCALAB Xi+
Thermo Fisher
Used to analyse the grain-boundary surface in the weld bead.
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JXA8100 electron probe micro-analyser
JXA8100
JEOL
Used to determine the composition of the welded zone and the brazing layer.
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Yaskawa HP20 robot
HP20
Yaskawa
Used for precise positioning during the laser welding process.
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TA1 Ti foil sheets
TA1
Used as an alloying element in the welding process.
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