1：5 mm/stroke, depth of grinding t = 03 mm. The graphitized surface of Y–TZP ceramics was understood as a graphite layer applied by spraying Graphit 33 aerosol composition onto the surface of samples. After applying the graphite layer, the samples changed color from white to matte graphite black (corresponding to RAL 9011). After laser treatment, residues of the graphite layer were removed with PL301 detergent; after that, the samples were washed in an ultrasonic Powersonic device. On the surface of the samples, 4 × 4 mm areas were treated using a pulsed laser U-The parameters of the pulsed laser treatment regime are as follows:

15. The parameters of the pulsed laser treatment regime are as follows: laser pulse power P 1 – 15 W, relative raster scanning speed v 25 – 200%, step size of the movement of the laser beam along the x (sx) and y (sy) axes sx = sy 10 – 60 μm. The pulse repetition rate f (30 kHz), the number of pulses in the bundle np (1 pulse) and the number of passes in a treatment cycle N (1 pass) in the experiments did not change. The diameter of the spot from the laser beam on the treated surface was 40 μm. The surface roughness Ra of the treated areas was measured along two axes (x and y) using a Hommelwerke profilograph with a TKU 300/600 probe with a sensitivity of 40 nm. The surface morphology was studied using the MikroCAD premium instrument (building a 3D model of the surface), an Olympus BX51M optical microscope and a Tescan Vega 3LMH scanning electron microscope. The adhesion strength of a graphite layer with Y–TZP ceramics was determined using a PMT-3 microhardness tester.