研究目的
to develop an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective flowsheet for recovering various valuable materials from spent LED bulbs, and carry out a combined assessment in the context of LCA and cost-benefit analysis.
研究成果
The treatment of spent LED light bulbs is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative, promoting the secondary production of valuable materials and lowering the global warming potential. The most economically feasible scenario was the secondary production of aluminium ingots and plastic pellets (Scenario 3), which ensured the highest net profit and a relatively low environmental burden.
研究不足
The efficiency of ECS was affected by the conductivity and shape of materials, leading to relatively low recovery rates for aluminium. The air tabling process had a significant contribution to the net profit, increasing the cost of recycling due to its low throughput and high investment cost. The labor cost for hand-picking in Scenario 5 was relatively high, reflecting the average salary of the Japanese labor market.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved analyzing the elemental composition of LED light bulbs and proposing a flowsheet for recovering LED chips and other valuable metals. The flowsheet included eddy current separation (ECS) and air tabling, among other refining processes.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Commercially available white LED bulbs consumed in Japan were used as samples.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a shredder for size reduction, an eddy current separator (ECS), and an air table (Triple/S Dynamics, Inc.; model no. V-135E). Materials included LED bulbs and their components.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The process involved size reduction, ECS for separating aluminium alloy pieces, air tabling for separating LED chips from plastics, and manual sorting for large pieces. Recovered LED chips were incinerated, ground, and subjected to acid leaching for metal extraction.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The leaching solution was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). A combined life cycle assessment (LCA) and cost-benefit analysis was performed to evaluate five different treatment scenarios.
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