研究目的
To compare the efficacy of different skin pretreatment regimens in topical drug delivery.
研究成果
Pretreatment with fractional CO2 and Er:YAG laser enhances ICG accumulation in the skin. Pretreatment with a fractional Er:YAG laser that stacks several pulses was more effective than pretreatment with a single pulse fractional CO2 laser. Microneedling appeared to be a simple and effective alternative. Fractional RF did not seem effective. Deeper ablation channels may be more effective for the delivery of a hydrophilic drug such as ICG.
研究不足
The ex vivo setting, the small number of skin samples, and the lack of histological controls. Only depths of up to 400 μm are investigated, so no conclusions can be drawn regarding the deposition of ICG in deeper skin layers. Clinical applications for ICG are very limited.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study evaluated the accumulation of fluorescence of ICG in ex vivo human abdominal skin samples pretreated with fractional CO2 laser, fractional Er:YAG laser, microneedling, or fractional RF. ICG was left in place for 3 h. After application time, distribution and fluorescence intensity of ICG in the skin were assessed using digital surface fluorescence photography.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Six skin samples from six individual patients were used. Skin samples were stored and prepared according to a standardized protocol.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Two fractional ablative lasers were used: a fractional 10,600 nm CO2 laser (Ultrapulse?, DeepFx handpiece; Lumenis Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) and a fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser (P.L.E.A.S.E.? Professional, Pantec Biosolutions, Rugell, Liechtenstein). A microneedling device (Dermaroller 180) and a fractional radiofrequency device (LegatoII Pixel RF ?) were also used.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Test regions were pretreated with fractional CO2 and Er:YAG laser (both 70 and 300 μm ablation depth, density of 5%), microneedling (500 μm needle length), fractional radiofrequency (ablation depth of ± 80–90 μm), and no pretreatment. The fluorescent agent indocyanine green (ICG) was applied. After 3 h, fluorescence intensity was measured at several depths using fluorescence photography.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Fluorescence images were analyzed using ImageJ. Fluorescence intensity was assessed at the skin surface, at 200 μm, and at 400 μm depth by measuring gray value on a 0 to 255 arbitrary scale.
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