研究目的
To synthesize regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophenes) (rr-P3HTs) using an eco-friendly Direct Arylation Polymerization (DArP) method and analyze their properties to correlate with the performance in organic solar cells (OSCs).
研究成果
The study demonstrates that optimized DArP can produce high-quality P3HTs with high regioregularity and low molecular weight, leading to improved performance in OSCs. The edge-on orientation and high crystallinity of P3HTs are key factors for achieving high PCEs.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of P3HTs and their performance in OSCs, but does not explore the long-term stability or scalability of the synthesis method for industrial applications.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
Optimized DArP method with gradual catalyst addition and temperature reaction increase.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
2-bromo-3-hexylthiophene monomer, palladium acetate catalyst, and other reagents.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Bruker avance III HD 500 MHz spectrometer, Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400 spectrophotometer, Alliance 2695 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) equipment, Genesys 10S spectrophotometer, Edinburg instruments FS5 spectrofluorometer, Bruker D2 Advance refractometer, TA instrument Q2000, Perkin Elmer model 8500 equipment, PARTAT 2273 potenciostat/galvanostat, Nanosurf easyScan 2 AFM system, Xenocs Xeuss instrument equipped with a GeniX3D source and a Pilatus 300K hybrid pixel detector.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis of P3HT, fabrication and testing of solar cells, characterization of polymers and active layers.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
FT-IR, 1H NMR, GPC, DSC, TGA, XRD, GIWAXS, CV, theoretical calculations, UV-vis, AFM.
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Nanosurf easyScan 2 AFM system
easyScan 2
Nanosurf
Used for films surface micro-morphologies investigation.
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Bruker avance III HD 500 MHz spectrometer
500 MHz
Bruker
Used for 1H NMR analysis of polymers.
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Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400 spectrophotometer
Spectrum 400
Perkin Elmer
Used for IR spectra recording.
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Edinburg instruments FS5 spectrofluorometer
FS5
Edinburg instruments
Used for fluorescence spectra study.
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Bruker D2 Advance refractometer
D2 Advance
Bruker
Used for X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.
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Perkin Elmer model 8500 equipment
8500
Perkin Elmer
Used for thermo gravimetrical analyses (TGA).
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Alliance 2695 gel permeation chromatography (GPC) equipment
2695
Alliance
Used for molecular weights measurement.
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Genesys 10S spectrophotometer
10S
Genesys
Used for UV-vis absorbance measurements.
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TA instrument Q2000
Q2000
TA instrument
Used for differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis.
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PARTAT 2273 potenciostat/galvanostat
2273
PARTAT
Used for cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements.
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Xenocs Xeuss instrument
Xeuss
Xenocs
Used for 2D-grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (2D-GIWAXS).
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