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The Phase Behavior in the Active Layer of Small Molecule Organic Photovoltaics: The State Diagram of p-DTS(FBTTh <sub/>2</sub> ) <sub/>2</sub> :PC <sub/>71</sub> BM

DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c00808 期刊:The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 出版年份:2020 更新时间:2025-09-23 15:19:57
摘要: A comprehensive study was undertaken to obtain a more fundamental understanding of the phase behavior of the p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM system, used in small molecule organic solar cells, with a strong focus on the amorphous phase and its influence on crystallinity. Three dedicated thermal protocols were used in combination with advanced thermal analysis, solid-state NMR, and wide angle X-ray diffraction. Rapid cooling, to avoid structure formation and gain insight in the amorphous phase, and slow cooling, to promote structure formation, were used as limiting cases to explain the intermediate behavior after device processing from solution. A complete state diagram was developed and the glass transition (Tg) - composition relationship was determined. In the case of slow cooling and the procedure used for device processing, the rapid crystallization of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 leads to an enrichment of the amorphous phase in PC71BM, increasing its Tg and causing vitrification of the mixed amorphous phase before crystallization when the total amount of PC71BM exceeds 70 wt%. The common processing additive 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) was found to lead to a lower p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 crystallinity and smaller average crystal size. More importantly, it acts as a strong plasticizer, lowering Tg significantly and thus reducing the morphological stability of the p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM mixtures.
作者: Niko Van den Brande,Maxime Defour,Dries Devisscher,Pieter Verstappen,Gunter Reekmans,Jan D'Haen,Peter Adriaensens,Wouter Maes,Guy Van Assche,Bruno Van Mele
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Investigating the phase behavior of the p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM system in small molecule organic solar cells, with a focus on the amorphous phase and its influence on crystallinity.

The study provides a comprehensive understanding of the phase behavior of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM mixtures, highlighting the importance of the amorphous phase and its influence on crystallinity. The use of DIO as a processing additive was found to lower crystallinity and Tg, affecting the morphological stability of the mixtures. The developed state diagram serves as a valuable tool for optimizing the morphology and efficiency of organic solar cells.

The study focuses on the p-DTS(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM system and may not be directly applicable to other small molecule organic photovoltaic systems. The effects of other processing additives or conditions were not explored.

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