研究目的
Investigating the potential of integrating photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) systems into small domestic prosumer households for the climates of Bucharest, Romania, and Strasbourg, France.
研究成果
The study concludes that small scale PVT is a promising solution for maximal harvesting of the solar energy. Residential prosumers are the target market of this technology, which is quickly developing in the Western European countries, but is lagging behind in the East. More public awareness and demonstrative projects providing proof of concept are required to further push this technology on the mainstream market, next to conventional PV and solar thermal.
研究不足
The simplicity of the PVT model compared to a full finite element analysis, the fact that all the components are pre-defined in the TRNSYS software and thus a full customization is difficult, the consumer profiles were obtained by means of forcing functions and statistical methods and can vary significantly according to the individual end user and the location of the system.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses TRNSYS (v17) to simulate and analyze the energy output and performance of PVT panels in a small sized prosumer household, comparing two different climate conditions: Bucharest, Romania, and Strasbourg, France. The system includes a PVT collector connected to a water storage tank through a heat exchanger, a circulation pump, connection to the household water main and an inverter/regulator with a battery bank.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Meteorological data (ambient temperature, irradiation, and wind speed) for both Strasbourg, France, and Bucharest, Romania, are used in parallel for the simulations. The yearly profile of each parameter is obtained from Meteonorm Database.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The PVT panel is assumed to be a flat plate collector, with mono-c-Si PV cells and a direct flow roll bond thermal absorber. The system comprises of a PVT collector connected to a water storage tank through a heat exchanger, a circulation pump, connection to the household water main and an inverter/regulator with a battery bank.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The simulation assumes that no heat losses occur on the pipes, the optical properties of materials are constant and no surroundings partial shading or dust is considered. The electrical flow is shown with purple arrows, the liquid flow in blue and the dotted arrows connect the control circuit and energy demand.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The energy performance of the system is computed in terms of thermal, electrical, and overall efficiencies. The electrical efficiency is calculated as the ratio between the power generated by the system and the amount of solar radiation incident on the surface of the collector. The thermal efficiency is represented by the ratio between the amount of thermal energy generated by the system and the solar radiation incident on the surface of the collector.
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