研究目的
To improve the performance of a solar monocrystalline PV module by minimizing the tracker energy consumption and implementing a sun tracking algorithm based on weather conditions.
研究成果
The implemented sun tracking system significantly improves the performance of photovoltaic modules under variable weather conditions, with energy gains up to 25% compared to fixed systems. The tracker's low energy consumption (less than 1% of the increased energy) validates its efficiency and suitability for practical applications.
研究不足
The study's performance is dependent on weather conditions, with better results observed under clear skies. The tracker's energy consumption, although minimized, still affects the net energy gain.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection
The study implemented a low power consumption sun tracking system for a crystalline silicon photovoltaic module under variable weather conditions. The methodology included the use of a microcontroller in sleep mode, step tracking techniques, and intelligent tracking based on climate environment analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources
The experiments were conducted on selected days with variable weather conditions: a cloudy sky on 05/08/2018 and a clear sky on 04/02/2019 in Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials
The setup included a solar tracker with a microcontroller 18F2550, LDR sensors, a motor, ALMEMO data acquisition stations, pyranometer, current and voltage sensors, temperature sensors, and a photovoltaic module MODEL YB-125M36-20.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow
The tracker moved the panel only when the solar irradiance was increasing and above a threshold, with the motor operating time limited to 500 ms per step. Data on solar irradiance, temperatures, and electrical outputs were recorded.
5：Data Analysis Methods
Data-based simulations were performed using MATLAB/Simulink, incorporating experimental values of temperature and solar irradiance into the one-diode model (ODM) of the solar module.
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ALMEMO data acquisition 2390
2390-5
Ahlborn
Recording parameters such as solar global irradiance, ambient and surface panel temperatures, static and mobile panel currents, static and mobile panel voltages.
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ALMEMO data acquisition 2690
2690
Ahlborn
Recording parameters such as solar global irradiance, ambient and surface panel temperatures, static and mobile panel currents, static and mobile panel voltages.
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Pyranometer
FLA 613-GS
Ahlborn
Measuring solar global irradiance.
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Current sensor
ZA 9901-AB4
Ahlborn
Sensing current.
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Voltage sensor
ZA 9900-AB5
Ahlborn
Sensing voltage.
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Temperature sensor
ZA 9020-FS
Ahlborn
Measuring temperature.
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Solar Module
YB-125M36-20
WIN BRIGHT
Photovoltaic power generation.
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