研究目的
To study the influence of matrix nature on the structural characteristics of In2O3–CeO2 and SnO2–CeO2 composites fabricated by the impregnation method, focusing on the distribution of cerium ions between the components and their valence states.
研究成果
The study demonstrated that the nature of the matrix significantly influences the structural characteristics and electronic states of cerium ions in the composites. In In2O3–CeO2 composites, cerium ions are located on the surface of In2O3 crystals, whereas in SnO2–CeO2 composites, cerium ions penetrate into the surface layers of SnO2 crystals, modifying their electronic structure and increasing the conduction activation energy.
研究不足
The study is limited to the analysis of In2O3–CeO2 and SnO2–CeO2 composites fabricated by the impregnation method. The effects of other fabrication methods or different metal oxide matrices were not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to analyze the structural characteristics, valence states, and distribution of cerium ions in the composites.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The composites were prepared by impregnating nano-sized In2O3 and SnO2 crystals with a cerium-salt solution, followed by conversion to CeO
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included an Ultima IV diffractometer for XRD, a JOEL JSM-5610 SEM equipped with an X-MaxN 100TLE microanalyzer for EDX, and an ESCA 3400 spectrometer for XPS.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The composites were characterized by XRD, EDX, and XPS to determine their structure, the distribution of cerium ions, and their electronic states.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The size of CeO2 nanoclusters was calculated using the Debye–Scherrer equation, and the relative content of Ce3+ and Ce4+ ions was estimated from XPS spectra.
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