研究目的
Investigating the kinetics of ion-exchange reactions in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite thin films using in situ real-time X-ray scattering to understand the structural changes and their characteristic time scales.
研究成果
The study successfully tracked the in situ perovskite conversion of three cation exchanges and two halide exchanges. The results provide important insights into the structure formation and ion exchange kinetics of perovskite conversions, highlighting the role of kinetic effects and the stability of mixed perovskites compared to pure materials.
研究不足
The exact time constants and amounts of exchanged ions depend on various experimental conditions, such as the concentration of the added solution and the coating method. The study highlights the importance of kinetic effects and the presence of an amorphous intermediate phase on the exchange kinetics.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employed in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) to investigate the ion exchange in perovskite thin films. The methodology included analyzing the integrated intensity and radial position of the Debye-Scherrer diffraction rings in reciprocal space maps (RSMs).
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Five different perovskite conversions involving the exchange of the organic cation or the halide were studied. The samples were prepared by drop-casting a solution onto previously deposited perovskite films.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The GIXD experiments were performed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility at the ID10B beamline with a photon energy of 22 keV. The detector was a Pilatus300K.
4：0K.
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: The angle of incidence was 0.14°. The integration time for each image was 2 s. The sample was kept under nitrogen atmosphere during the measurement.
5：14°. The integration time for each image was 2 s. The sample was kept under nitrogen atmosphere during the measurement.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: The integrated intensity and radial position of the Debye-Scherrer rings were analyzed by fitting a Gaussian distribution to the azimuthally integrated radial profile of the rings.
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