研究目的
To propose a shot-noise limited scheme for characterizing both unitary and Bogoliubov transformations in optical quantum-information processing by employing a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
研究成果
The proposed modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer can effectively characterize both unitary and Bogoliubov transformations in optical quantum-information processing. The scheme is shot-noise limited and requires O(N^2) measurements, with coherent states sufficient for linear systems and additional single photons needed for nonlinear systems.
研究不足
The sensitivity of the scheme is limited by shot noise. Additionally, the scheme requires O(N^2) measurements to characterize an N-mode device.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used to characterize the transformations of the mode creation and annihilation operators in optical systems. The setup includes two 50:50 beam splitters, a phase shifter, the unknown device to be characterized, and photodetectors.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The system is probed with coherent states for linear optical systems and additionally with single photons for quadratically nonlinear optical systems.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The setup requires a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer, coherent state sources, single-photon sources, and photodetectors.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The input modes are transformed through the first beam splitter, the unknown device, and the second beam splitter. The output is measured to characterize the device.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The intensity difference between the output modes is measured to find the real and imaginary parts of the matrix elements characterizing the device.
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