研究目的
The aim of this study was to quantitatively compare both the vessel density of macular capillary plexuses and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) areas of patients receiving hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy for more than 5 years while using age- and sex- matched controls.
研究成果
OCTA provides objective documentation about the FAZ and vessel density features in patients undergoing long-term HCQ therapy before toxicity begins, and it can be used as a screening tool for detecting early changes in the macula.
研究不足
A limitation of the present study is the relatively small number of patients. Further studies should include a larger sample size, compare cumulative dose with FAZ measurements, and preferably, include a longitudinal study to capture patients who subsequently go on to develop toxicity, so we can glean information from their earlier FAZ measurements.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study was a prospective cross-sectional design comparing patients undergoing HCQ therapy for more than 5 years with age- and sex-matched controls. OCTA was used to measure FAZ parameters and vessel density in the SCP and DCP.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
80 eyes of 40 subjects (20 in the HCQ group and 20 in the control group) were included. Inclusion criteria were patients with a maximum daily HCQ ≤
3：0 mg/kg real weight for more than 5 years, BCVA of at least 20/20, and no pathological findings in SD-OCT, VFT, and/or FAF. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) (Opto-Vue, Inc., Fremont, CA), SD-OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering Inc., Heidelberg, Germany), FAF (Heidelberg retina angiograph; Heidelberg Engineering), and a Humphrey visual field test (VFT) (Zeiss).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
All participants underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including BCVA measurement, biomicroscopic evaluation, gonioscopy, applanation tonometry, and dilated fundus examination. OCTA scans were performed by a retina specialist blinded to the patients' history.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. The normality of the data was confirmed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 test, and numerical variables were compared by an independent t-test.
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