研究目的
To produce a photocatalyst with excellent photoactivity in the visible light region by doping TiO2 simultaneously with Gd and La using a liquid phase plasma (LPP) reaction.
研究成果
The doping of TiO2 with rare earth elements using the LPP reaction decreased the band gap, and the band gap energy of G5L5TP codoped with Gd and La was the lowest. The photolytic activity increased with decreasing band gap. The photodegradation efficiency of G5L5TP doped simultaneously with Gd and La was the best in both ultraviolet and visible light sources.
研究不足
The study focuses on the synthesis and application of Gd-La codoped TiO2 photocatalysts using the LPP method, but does not explore the scalability of the process or the cost-effectiveness of the materials used.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The LPP method was used to synthesize nanoparticles and nanocomposites in a plasma field in water.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Titanium dioxide (TiO2, P25) powder was used as the base material. Gadolinium (III) chloride hexahydrate and lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate were used as precursors.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The LPP system and photolysis apparatus were used. Equipment included a power supply, UV-vis spectrometer, and gas chromatography mass spectrometer.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The LPP reactant aqueous solution was prepared and packed in a LPP batch reactor. A power supply was applied to synthesize GLTP by a LPP reaction for 1 hour.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The rate of the decomposition reaction was calculated from the measured concentrations using a UV-Vis spectrometer.
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UV-vis spectrometer
UV-1280
Shimadzu
Analysis of samples taken at regular intervals during the photolysis reaction
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Gas chromatography mass spectrometer
QP2010
SHIMADZU Co. Ltd
Analysis of samples taken at regular intervals during the photolysis reaction
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Field emission scanning electron microscopy
JEOL-JSM-7100F
JEOL
Observation of the morphology of the GLTPs
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High-resolution field emission transmission electron microscopy
JEOL-JEM-2100F
JEOL
Observation of high-resolution images and lattice shapes of the GLTPs
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UV-Vis spectrometer
UV-2450
Shimadzu
Analysis of GLTPs synthesized under various LPP reaction conditions
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Titanium dioxide
P25
Degussa
Base material for the TiO2 photocatalysts
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Gadolinium (III) chloride hexahydrate
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor of gadolinium
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Lanthanum (III) chloride heptahydrate
Sigma-Aldrich
Precursor of lanthanum
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Ultrapure water
Daejung Chemicals
Preparation of the LPP aqueous reactant solution and all solution experiments
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Acetaminophen
Sigma-Aldrich
Degradation target material in the decomposition experiments
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LPP system
Preparation of GLTP
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Photolysis apparatus
Evaluation of the photodegradation activity
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Power supply
NTI-P1000W
Nano Tech., Inc.
Formation of a plasma field in the LPP reactor
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Headspace auto sampler
SHIMADZU Co. Ltd
Analysis of samples taken at regular intervals during the photolysis reaction
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
JEOL
Analysis of the chemical composition and elemental dispersity
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
SSK-Multilab 2000
Examination of the chemical state and bond formation of the GLTP constituent elements
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