研究目的
Investigating the geometric processing and calibration of LiDAR systems, focusing on active sensor modeling and calibration to ensure the accuracy and quality of derived point clouds.
研究成果
The research concludes with a comprehensive overview of LiDAR system calibration and quality control measures, emphasizing the importance of rigorous calibration procedures to ensure the accuracy and quality of derived point clouds. It highlights the need for standardized QC measures and the development of techniques for evaluating higher-level processing activities without the need for reference data.
研究不足
The study is limited to ToF LiDAR systems and does not cover triangulation-based ranging systems. The calibration procedures may require access to system raw measurements, which might not always be available to end users. Additionally, the nonselective nature of LiDAR data acquisition poses challenges for the identification of conjugate points in overlapping point clouds and control surfaces.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involves the use of time-of-flight (ToF) LiDAR systems for laser ranging, focusing on the estimation of distances between laser beam firing points and their footprints. The methodology includes the mathematical modeling of LiDAR point positioning and the calibration of system parameters.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The research utilizes data from airborne and terrestrial LiDAR systems, including point clouds generated from scanning and multilaser LiDAR systems.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes ToF LiDAR systems (pulse-based or phase-shift-based), scanning systems with steering mirrors, and multilaser systems (e.g., Velodyne series—HDL 64E, HDL 32E, VLP 16, and VLP 16 High Resolution).
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
The procedure involves the generation of point clouds from LiDAR systems, the establishment of coordinate systems for LiDAR units, and the implementation of calibration procedures to estimate system parameters.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The analysis includes the evaluation of point cloud quality, the assessment of interpoint spacing, and the verification of positional accuracy through comparison with control surfaces.
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