摘要： Land surface temperature (LST) is defined by the International LST and Emissivity Working Group as a measure of how hot or cold the surface of the Earth would feel to the touch. For ground-based, airborne, and space-borne remote sensing instruments it is the aggregated radiometric surface temperatures of all components within the sensor’s field of view in the direction of observation, or 'ensemble directional radiometric temperature.' As one of the most important parameters in the weather and climate system controlling surface heat and water exchange between the land and the atmosphere (Yu et al., 2012), LST has recently been listed as one of the Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) by the Global Climate Observation System (GCOS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Knowledge of the LST provides information on the temporal and spatial variations of the surface equilibrium state and is of fundamental importance in many applications (Li et al., 2013). This thermodynamic variable has been widely used in a variety of fields such as numerical weather prediction models and data assimilation systems (Meng et al., 2009; Zheng et al., 2012; Trigo et al., 2015), evapotranspiration evaluation (Sun et al., 2012; Galleguillos et al., 2011), irrigation and hydrological cycle particularly agricultural drought monitoring (Anderson et al., 2011, 2012; Karnieli et al., 2010), and urban heat island monitoring (Rajasekar and Weng, 2009; Weng et al., 2004).