研究目的
To develop a facile method for controllable synthesis of mesoporous WO3 nanocrystals with highly sensitive detection of NO2 and improve the sensing properties by constructing nanocomposites with n–n heterojunctions.
研究成果
The mesoporous WO3/ZnO composites, especially with 5 wt% ZnO, exhibit enhanced NO2 sensing performance due to large surface area and n–n heterojunctions, showing high response, selectivity, and stability, with potential for further optimization in gas sensor applications.
研究不足
The study is limited to NO2 detection at specific concentrations and temperatures; other gases and conditions may not be covered. The synthesis method may have scalability issues, and long-term stability beyond one month is not verified.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses a hydrothermal method with KIT-6 as a hard template to synthesize ordered mesoporous WO3, followed by loading ZnO to form composites for gas sensing. Theoretical models include gas adsorption and heterojunction formation.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples include mesoporous WO3 and mWO3/ZnO composites with varying ZnO wt% (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%). Data sources are synthesized materials and standard NO2 gas.
3：5%, 5%, 5%, 10%). Data sources are synthesized materials and standard NO2 gas. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment includes BRUKER D8 Advance for SAXS, ASAP2020 M+C for BET, Hitachi S-4700 FESEM, H-800 TEM, Rigaku D/MAX-2500 XRD, J-3010 HRTEM, HR-800 Raman spectrometer, VG ESCALAB-MK XPS, JF02E gas sensor test system. Materials include Pluronic P123, TEOS, phosphotungstic acid, Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, KIT-6 silica, ethanol, HCl, HF.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Prepare KIT-6 template, synthesize mWO3 via hydrothermal method, prepare composites by mixing with ZnO precursor, calcine, remove template with HF, fabricate sensors by drop-coating on ceramic tubes, age sensors, measure gas responses using static system at 150°C.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Analyze data using BET for surface area, BJH for pore size, XRD and Raman for structure, XPS for composition, and empirical equations for gas response modeling.
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BRUKER D8 Advance
D8 Advance
BRUKER
Used for small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns recording.
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FESEM
Hitachi S-4700
Hitachi
Used for field emission scanning electron microscopy to examine microscopic structure and morphology.
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TEM
H-800
Hitachi
Used for transmission electron microscopy to examine structure and morphology.
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XRD
Rigaku D/MAX-2500
Rigaku
Used for powder X-ray diffraction patterns recording for crystal structure analysis.
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HRTEM
J-3010
JEOL
Used for high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images examination.
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Pluronic P123
EO20PO70EO20, MW=5800
Sigma–Aldrich
Used as a surfactant in the preparation of KIT-6 template.
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ASAP2020 M+C
ASAP2020 M+C
Micromeritics
Used for Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area characterization.
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Raman spectrometer
HR-800
Horiba
Used for Raman spectra measurements.
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XPS
VG ESCALAB-MK
VG Scientific
Used for X-ray photoelectron spectra recording.
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Gas sensor test system
JF02E
Kunming Guiyan Jinfeng Technology Co.
Used for gas sensing measurements in a computer-controlled static system.
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