研究目的
To investigate the value of a smartphone-compatible thermal imaging camera in the mapping of the peroneal artery perforators.
研究成果
The smartphone-compatible thermal imaging camera is a low-cost, convenient, and noninvasive tool for mapping peroneal artery perforators, but its low sensitivity and positive predictive value mean it should be used adjunctively with established techniques like CTA and color Doppler ultrasound to optimize perforator detection.
研究不足
The sensitivity and positive predictive value of smartphone-based DIRT are low, making it unsuitable as a first-line technique. It is affected by subcutaneous fat thickness, with reduced accuracy in lean patients or distally located perforators. The technique is operator-dependent and requires further optimization of protocols.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a comparative design to evaluate smartphone-based dynamic infrared thermography (DIRT) against computed tomography angiography (CTA) and intraoperative findings for detecting peroneal artery perforators. DIRT involved applying a cold challenge and monitoring rewarming patterns to identify hotspots.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Twelve consecutive patients scheduled for fibular flap reconstruction were enrolled. Data were collected from lower limb imaging and intraoperative observations.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
FLIR ONE PRO thermal imaging camera, iPad, tripod, cold/hot reusable gel pad (Nexcare), silicone rubber markers, SIEMENS SOMATOM Sensation 64 CT scanner, Omnipaque contrast medium, FLIR Tools software, SPSS
4：0 software. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Patients were positioned, and lower limbs were exposed to ambient temperature. Cold challenge was applied using a gel pad, and thermal images were captured before, during, and after cooling. Hotspots were marked and registered with rubber markers. Patients underwent CT scans with contrast injection. Intraoperative findings were recorded during flap elevation.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Sensitivity and positive predictive values were calculated. Statistical tests included t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test using SPSS software.
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FLIR ONE PRO
FLIR ONE PRO
FLIR Systems
Used for dynamic infrared thermography to detect peroneal artery perforators by capturing thermal images.
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iPad
Apple Inc.
Connected to the thermal imaging camera for image capture and analysis.
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cold/hot reusable gel pad
Nexcare
3M Corp
Applied for cold challenge to cool the region of interest and facilitate thermographic imaging.
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SIEMENS SOMATOM Sensation 64
SOMATOM Sensation 64
Siemens Medical Systems
Used for computed tomography angiography to map perforators with contrast medium.
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Omnipaque
GE Healthcare
Contrast medium injected intravenously for CT angiography.
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FLIR Tools
FLIR Systems
Software used for analyzing thermal images captured by the FLIR ONE PRO camera.
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SPSS
22.0
IBM
Software used for statistical analysis of the data, including sensitivity and predictive value calculations.
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