研究目的
To develop NIR-responsive copolymer upconversion nanocomposites for triggered drug release in vitro and in vivo, addressing the limitations of current phototriggered drug-release devices such as poor tissue penetration and harmful effects of UV/visible light.
研究成果
The NIR-triggered PNP-DOX-UC nanocomposites effectively enhanced drug release and cytotoxicity under NIR irradiation, showing improved antitumor efficacy in vivo with reduced side effects compared to free doxorubicin. This approach offers a promising strategy for deep-seated tumor treatment with high spatiotemporal control.
研究不足
The nanocomposites have a large particle size (350.1±8.37 nm), which may limit passive targeting and accumulation in tumors due to reduced penetration. Future studies should investigate nanocomposites with different sizes to optimize delivery efficiency.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study designed nanocomposites using upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to convert NIR light to UV/Vis light, triggering drug release from a photo-responsive copolymer (PEG-NMAB-PLA). Methods included synthesis of the copolymer, preparation of nanocomposites via thin-film hydration, and characterization using various techniques.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included synthesized copolymers, UCNPs (NaYF4:0.3%Tm@CaF2), drugs (doxorubicin, Nile red), and cell lines (MCF-7). Data were obtained from in vitro and in vivo experiments.
3:3%Tm@CaF2), drugs (doxorubicin, Nile red), and cell lines (MCF-7). Data were obtained from in vitro and in vivo experiments. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included Malvern Zetasizer for size measurement, JEM-1400 TEM for morphology, fluorescence spectrophotometer for optical properties, UV-vis spectroscopy, HPLC for drug release analysis, confocal microscopy for cell imaging, and CCK-8 assay for cytotoxicity. Materials included chemicals from Aladdin Reagent, Biomatrik Inc., Sigma-Aldrich, and GIBCO.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Procedures involved synthesis of NMAB-ester and PNP copolymer, preparation of drug-loaded micelles and nanocomposites, characterization, optical property measurements, photo-dissociation reactions, drug release studies, cell uptake assays, cytotoxicity tests, and in vivo antitumor efficacy studies in mice.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using statistical methods (e.g., IC50 calculation, tumor inhibition ratio), with software tools for spectroscopy and microscopy not specified.
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Zetasizer
Nano ZS
Malvern
Measuring physicochemical characteristics such as size and zeta potential of nanocomposites.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
JEM-1400
JEOL
Measuring morphology of nanocomposites.
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Fluorescence Spectrophotometer
Analyzing emission spectra and fluorescence intensity changes.
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UV-vis Spectrophotometer
Measuring absorption spectra and photo-dissociation reactions.
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HPLC
Analyzing the amount of released doxorubicin in drug release studies.
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Confocal Microscope
Visualizing cell uptake of nanocomposites with NIR laser source.
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CCK-8 Assay Kit
Assessing cell viability in cytotoxicity tests.
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NIR Laser
Irradiating samples for photo-triggered reactions and drug release.
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