研究目的
To investigate the effect of celestite mineral particles on the photocatalytic NO removal activity and stability of g-C3N4, and to understand the synergistic mechanism between celestite and N vacancies.
研究成果
Celestite modification significantly enhances the photocatalytic NO removal activity and stability of g-C3N4 under visible light, due to the synergistic effect between celestite and N vacancies. This leads to improved electron transfer, increased ·OH production via a Fenton-like reaction, and complete oxidation of NO to nitrate, reducing toxic NO2 generation. The findings provide insights for designing efficient and cost-effective photocatalysts for air purification.
研究不足
The study uses synthetic conditions that may not fully replicate real atmospheric environments. The scalability and long-term stability in practical applications are not extensively tested. The role of impurities in celestite is noted to be negligible but not deeply investigated. The mechanism relies on specific experimental setups, which might limit generalizability.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved modifying g-C3N4 with celestite through calcination to create composites (CNSr-x), followed by characterization and photocatalytic activity evaluation under visible light irradiation for NO removal. Theoretical models include mechanisms of electron transfer and radical generation.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included pure g-C3N4, celestite powder, and CNSr-x composites with varying celestite amounts (0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 g per 1 g g-C3N4). Data were sourced from laboratory experiments using synthetic gases and analytical instruments.
3:02, 05, 1, 2 g per 1 g g-C3N4). Data were sourced from laboratory experiments using synthetic gases and analytical instruments. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included a muffle furnace for calcination, XRD diffractometer (Bruker D8 Advance), TGA analyzer (STA 449F3, Netzsch), UV-vis spectrometer (Shimadzu UV-3700), fluorescence spectrometer (Hitachi F7000), SEM (ZEISS SUPRA55VP), XPS (VG Scientific ESCALAB Mark II), BET analyzer (Autosorb-IQ-MP), chemiluminescence NO analyzer (Thermo Scientific 42i), EPR instrument (Bruker E500), electrochemical workstation (CHI660C), and LED lamp (30 W). Materials included urea, celestite powder (purity ≥96%), SrSO4, nitric acid, DMPO, KI, K2Cr2O7, TBA, PBQ, Na?on, FTO glasses, KCl, and deionized water.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
g-C3N4 was prepared by annealing urea at 550°C for 2 h. CNSr-x was prepared by mixing g-C3N4 with celestite and calcining at 400°C for 2 h. Characterization involved XRD, TGA, UV-vis, fluorescence, SEM, XPS, BET, EPR, and photoelectrochemical measurements. Photocatalytic activity was tested in a continuous-flow reactor with 50 mg catalyst, 600 ppb NO in air at 1 L/min flow rate, under 30 W LED visible light. NO, NO2, and NOT concentrations were monitored. Trapping experiments used scavengers for holes, electrons, ·OH, and ·O2-.
5:2-. Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using standard techniques: NO removal efficiency calculated as η = (1 - C/C0) × 100%, XRD for phase identification, TGA for thermal stability, UV-vis for band gap via Kubelka-Munk method, fluorescence for carrier recombination, SEM and XPS for morphology and composition, BET for surface area, EPR for radical detection, and electrochemical measurements for photocurrent and impedance.
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X-ray diffractometer
D8 Advance
Bruker
Crystalline phase identification of samples
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UV-vis spectrometer
UV-3700
Shimadzu
Analyzing light absorption ability and band-gap
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Fluorescence spectrometer
F7000
Hitachi
Studying recombination rate of photogenerated carriers
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Scanning electron microscopy
SUPRA55VP
ZEISS
Observing morphology images and elements distribution
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Chemiluminescence NO analyzer
42i
Thermo Scientific
Measuring NO, NO2, and NOT concentrations
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Electron paramagnetic resonance instrument
E500
Bruker
Detecting free radicals in reaction
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Thermal gravimetric analyzer
STA 449F3
Netzsch
Testing thermal stability of samples
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X-ray photoelectron spectrometric
ESCALAB Mark II
VG Scientific
Studying composition structure of samples
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Autosorption analyzer
Autosorb-IQ-MP
Not specified
Analyzing BET specific surface area and pore size
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Electrochemical workstation
CHI660C
Not specified
Evaluating photoelectrochemical properties
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LED lamp
30 W
Not specified
Simulated visible light source for photocatalysis
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Xe arc lamp
300 W
Not specified
Light source for photoelectrochemical experiments
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