研究目的
To develop lead-free ferroelectric ceramics with composition-insensitive and temperature-stable large electro-strain for actuator applications, overcoming the limitations of narrow composition range and poor temperature stability in existing materials.
研究成果
The BNKMT100x ceramics exhibit a phase transition from ferroelectric to ergodic relaxor phase with coexistence of both, leading to large, composition-insensitive strain (0.31-0.41%) and high electrostrictive coefficients (0.027-0.041 m4/C2). The x=0.04 composition shows excellent temperature stability up to 100°C, making it promising for lead-free actuator applications. Future work could focus on optimizing synthesis for industrial scalability and testing under real-world conditions.
研究不足
The study is limited to ceramic samples prepared by solid-state reaction; scalability and practical actuator integration were not addressed. The strain properties are evaluated up to 100°C, and higher temperature stability or mechanical durability under cyclic loading were not explored.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a conventional solid-state reaction method to prepare ceramics, with structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and strain properties investigated to understand phase transitions and strain mechanisms.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Ceramics with compositions (1-x)[
3：8Bi5Na5TiO3-2Bi5K5TiO3]-xBi(Mn5Ti5)O3 (x = 0 to 06) were synthesized from raw materials including Na2CO3, K2CO3, Bi2O3, MnCO3, and TiOList of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Raw materials (e.g., Na2CO3 ≥
4：0%), ball-milling equipment with zirconia media, sintering furnaces, XRD (Bruker D8 Advance), Raman spectrometer (Horiba Aramis), SEM (FEI Quanta 450), dielectric meter (Agilent E4980A), ferroelectric tester (AixACCT TF analyzer 1000), PFM (Asylum Research Cypher ES), impedance analyzer (Novocontrol Concept 400). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Powders were weighed, ball-milled, calcined at 850°C, pressed into disks, sintered at 1150°C, electroded with silver paste, and characterized using XRD, Raman, SEM, dielectric measurements, P-E, J-E, S-E loops, PFM, and impedance spectroscopy.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using software for peak fitting (e.g., Gaussian profile in XRD), Arrhenius equation for conductivity, and linear fitting for electrostrictive coefficients.
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X-ray Diffractometer
D8 Advance
Bruker
Characterize crystal structure of ceramics using Cu Kα radiation.
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Scanning Electron Microscope
Quanta 450
FEI
Detect micromorphology on fracture surfaces of ceramics.
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Precision LCR Meter
E4980A
Agilent
Measure temperature-dependent dielectric responses.
E4980A/E4980AL Precision LCR Meter
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Raman Spectrometer
Aramis
Horiba Scientific
Measure Raman spectra to investigate vibration modes and local ionic configuration.
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Ferroelectric Tester
TF analyzer 1000
AixACCT
Carry out P-E, J-E, and S-E measurements under bipolar and unipolar modes.
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Piezoresponse Force Microscope
Cypher ES
Asylum Research
Investigate local ferroelectric domain patterns using DARTSSPFM mode.
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Impedance Analyzer
Concept 400
Novocontrol Technologies
Conduct electrical impedance analysis.
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