研究目的
To evaluate the hydrogen gas-sensing characteristics of Pd-loaded ZnO nanofibers and the effect of electron beam irradiation on sensing performance.
研究成果
The combination of Pd loading (0.6 wt%) and e-beam irradiation (150 kGy) significantly enhances hydrogen sensing performance in ZnO nanofibers, achieving a high response of 74.7 to 100 ppb H2 at 350°C. This is attributed to metallization effects, defect formation, catalytic activity of Pd, and heterojunctions. The strategy is promising for developing reliable gas sensors to support hydrogen as a green energy alternative.
研究不足
The sensing temperature is relatively high (350°C), which may limit applications in low-temperature environments. Selectivity, while acceptable, could be improved for practical use, and the study does not address long-term stability or humidity effects.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used electrospinning to synthesize Pd-loaded ZnO nanofibers with varying Pd concentrations (
2：1, 3, 6, 1 wt%) and applied electron beam irradiation at doses of 50, 100, 150 kGy to enhance sensing performance. The rationale was to combine catalytic Pd loading and defect creation via irradiation for improved hydrogen detection. Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples were synthesized using zinc acetate dihydrate, palladium(II) acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dimethylformamide as precursors. Gas sensing tests were conducted with hydrogen and interfering gases (C6H6, C7H8, CO, C2H5OH) at controlled concentrations.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included an ELV-8 electron accelerator for irradiation, FE-SEM (FEI QUANTA FEG250), TEM (JEM-2100 F, JEOL), XRD, XPS, UPS (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co. Theta probe), gas sensing system with mass flow controllers, and sputtering equipment for electrode deposition. Materials included dry air, target gases, and substrates like SiO2 on Si.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Steps involved preparing a homogeneous solution for electrospinning, electrospinning to form nanofibers, calcination, e-beam irradiation, characterization using microscopy and spectroscopy, and gas sensing measurements at 350°C with resistance monitoring.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Sensor response was calculated as R = Ra/Rg, where Ra is resistance in air and Rg in gas. Data were analyzed for response, selectivity, and mechanisms using theoretical models like Langmuir isotherm.
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Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope
QUANTA FEG250
FEI
Used for morphological studies of nanofibers.
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Transmission Electron Microscope
JEM-2100 F
JEOL
Used for detailed imaging and analysis of nanofibers.
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Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectrometer
Theta probe
Thermo Fisher Scientific
Used for work function measurements.
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Electron Accelerator
ELV-8
Used for electron beam irradiation of samples to create structural defects.
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X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer
Used for surface chemical composition analysis.
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Mass Flow Controller
Used to control gas concentrations in sensing experiments.
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Sputtering Equipment
Used to deposit Ti and Pt electrodes on samples.
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