1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study used a Nd:YAG laser cladding system to deposit composite coatings. The rationale was to compare the effects of ZrO2 and Al2O3 additions on fluorapatite coatings. Theoretical models involved thermal decomposition and phase transformation analyses.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Ti6Al4V alloy plates (100 mm x 60 mm x 3.8 mm) were used as substrates. Coating powders included fluorapatite (synthesized from TCP and CaF2), ZrO2 (3Y-TZP), and Al2O3 (a-Al2O3). Data were acquired through various characterization techniques.

3：8 mm) were used as substrates. Coating powders included fluorapatite (synthesized from TCP and CaF2), ZrO2 (3Y-TZP), and Al2O3 (a-Al2O3). Data were acquired through various characterization techniques. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment included Nd:YAG laser system (ROFIN CW025), 3D laser scanning confocal microscope (VK-X200), SEM (JEOL JSM-6390LV), XRD (Rigaku D/Max Z.V), nanoindentation system (MTS-G200), micro-Vickers hardness tester (HM-113). Materials included Ti6Al4V, FA powder, ZrO2 powder, Al2O3 powder, PVA, SBF, MG63 cells, DMEM, FBS, PBS, glutaraldehyde, ethanol, HMDS.

4：3). Materials included Ti6Al4V, FA powder, ZrO2 powder, Al2O3 powder, PVA, SBF, MG63 cells, DMEM, FBS, PBS, glutaraldehyde, ethanol, HMDS. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Slurries of FA/ZrO2 and FA/Al2O3 with PVA were pre-placed on milled slots in substrates, dried, and laser clad with specific parameters (800 W power, 400 mm/min speed). Post-cladding, samples were characterized for roughness, microstructure, phase composition, hardness, elastic modulus, bioactivity (SBF immersion), and biocompatibility (cell culture).

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Roughness measured via confocal microscope, microstructure and composition via SEM/EDS/XRD, hardness via micro-Vickers tester, elastic modulus via nanoindentation, bioactivity via XRD after SBF immersion, biocompatibility via SEM observation of cell morphology.