研究目的
To develop and evaluate a portable cost-effective spectroscopic system for in vivo diagnosis of skin tumors using Raman and autofluorescence analysis, comparing its efficiency with a high-sensitivity system and oncologist diagnosis.
研究成果
The portable spectroscopic system combined with PLS-DA analysis achieved high accuracy (up to 100%) in differentiating skin tumors, demonstrating its potential for non-invasive, real-time diagnostics. Combined Raman and autofluorescence analysis is essential for optimal performance. The system is cost-effective and suitable for clinical screening, though further studies with larger cohorts and diverse pathologies are needed to validate and refine the method.
研究不足
The portable system has lower SNR compared to high-sensitivity systems, requiring longer acquisition times which may not be practical in clinical settings. The study had a limited sample size (54 patients), and results may not generalize to all skin tumor types or stages. Photobleaching effects and variations in skin chromophores could affect signal consistency.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used a portable spectroscopic system for simultaneous Raman and autofluorescence signal registration in the near-infrared region with a 785 nm laser. Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was employed for multivariate analysis of spectral data to classify different tumor types.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
In vivo studies were conducted on 54 patients with skin tumors (malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, benign neoplasms) at Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary. Spectra were registered using the portable system, and histological analysis confirmed diagnoses.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Portable spectroscopic system with a diode laser module (LML-785.0RB-04), optical probe, spectrometers (Shamrock SR-500i-D1-R with Andor iDus CCD DU416A-LDC-DD and QE65 Pro), PC, optical fibers, filters (bandpass, dichroic mirror, longpass), and lenses. Detectors were cooled to specific temperatures.
4：0RB-04), optical probe, spectrometers (Shamrock SR-500i-D1-R with Andor iDus CCD DU416A-LDC-DD and QE65 Pro), PC, optical fibers, filters (bandpass, dichroic mirror, longpass), and lenses. Detectors were cooled to specific temperatures.
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Laser radiation was delivered to the skin, and scattered radiation was collected and analyzed. Spectra were registered with varying acquisition times and detector cooling. Data preprocessing included baseline removal, smoothing, normalization, and centering. PLS-DA models were built for classification.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
SNR was calculated for signal quality comparison. PLS-DA with leave-one-out cross-validation was used for classification, with VIP scores to identify informative spectral bands. ROC curves and AUC were computed for diagnostic accuracy.
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