研究目的
To provide small farmers in Duhok city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq with an affordable, eco-friendly and easy-to-maintain irrigation method using photovoltaic energy, by designing a cost-effective standalone PV-powered drip irrigation system that considers factors like solar radiation effects on motor power, current, and water discharge.
研究成果
The proposed PV-powered DC motor irrigation system is cost-effective, eco-friendly, and efficient, with accurate water usage control through moisture sensors. It outperforms conventional methods in water savings and irrigation timing accuracy, making it suitable for remote agricultural areas with water scarcity. Future work could explore automation of tilt angle adjustment and broader applicability.
研究不足
The system requires manual adjustment of tilt angle monthly, which may not be fully optimal; operating temperatures in Iraq reduce PV efficiency; the use of a single PV panel and specific motor may limit scalability; and the study is focused on a specific location (Duhok) and crop (corn), which may not generalize to other regions or crops.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The system is designed as a standalone PV-powered irrigation system with components including PV array, charge controller, microcontroller, soil moisture sensors, battery bank, DC motor, and DC-DC boost converter. MATLAB Simulink is used for modeling and simulation to verify performance.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Soil samples are taken from the farm area and tested in the laboratories of Agricultural College for calibration of moisture sensors. Solar radiation data is sourced from NASA.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
PV modules (NR50G), DC permanent magnet motor (16 W, 24 V), Arduino Mega 2550 microcontroller, soil moisture sensors, lead-acid battery (12 V, 105 Ah), DC-DC boost converter, charge controller, and other wiring accessories.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
PV panels are set at an optimum tilt angle (
5：8° for September). Moisture sensors are buried 30 cm under the soil to measure moisture levels. The microcontroller reads sensor data and controls the pump via a relay based on threshold values derived from soil wilting point. System performance is tested with and without boost converter, and data on voltage, current, power, and water discharge are collected. Data Analysis Methods:
Data is analyzed to compare simulation results with practical measurements, evaluate the effect of tilt angles on solar irradiation and voltage, and assess water discharge and efficiency.
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