研究目的
To propose and verify a simple optical vector quadrature de-multiplexer scheme for de-aggregating high-level QAM signals into PAM streams using a single bi-directional SOA-based phase-sensitive amplifier, enabling on-chip integration for optical signal processing.
研究成果
The proposed QD scheme effectively de-aggregates high-level QAM signals into PAM streams with maintained wavelength and polarization, showing significant OSNR improvements (e.g., 6.1 dB for 16QAM to PAM4). The SOA-based design supports on-chip integration, offering potential for applications in flexible optical networks, though environmental sensitivities and phase coherence issues need addressing in future implementations.
研究不足
The study relies on numerical simulations without experimental validation. Environmental factors like acoustic and thermal effects can impact coherence, requiring active phase-locking or on-chip integration to mitigate. Generating phase-coherent continuous waves for pumps and signal carrier is challenging with free-running carriers. Higher-order modulation formats are more sensitive to phase differences, limiting performance.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study employs numerical simulations to design and evaluate a quadrature de-multiplexer (QD) system based on a bi-directional degenerate phase-sensitive amplifier (PSA) using a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Theoretical derivations are used to model the system's operation, including four-wave mixing effects and phase-sensitive amplification processes.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Input signals include a continuous wave (CW) light with varying phase and 10 Gbaud 16/32/64 QAM signals. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise is added to control optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR). 32768 symbols are propagated for Monte-Carlo BER estimation.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Components include couplers (50:50), circulators (3 ports), band-pass filters (wavelength:
4：2 THz, bandwidth:
1 20 GHz), and a traveling-wave SOA with specified parameters (e.g., length 1.5 mm, active region width 2 μm, confinement factor 0.3).
5：5 mm, active region width 2 μm, confinement factor 3).
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Signals (input QAM, pumps P1 and P2) are injected into the QD system. They pass through couplers, SOA for nonlinear interaction, filters, and circulators. Output signals are analyzed for constellations, EVM, and BER. Phase differences are varied to study performance impacts.
6：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis involves calculating phase-sensitive gain extinction ratio, EVM, and BER using Monte-Carlo simulations. BER performance factor (BPF) is defined to quantify effects of phase differences.
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