研究目的
Investigating the roles of reducing agents and amine-modified single-strand DNA sequences in the formation of growth-mediated gold nanoflowers and nanospheres from gold nanoparticle seeds.
研究成果
The research demonstrates that amine-modified DNA sequences and the choice of reducing agent critically influence the formation of gold nanoflowers or nanospheres. Hydroxylamine with PMR sequence facilitates nanoflower formation due to high adsorption affinity, while hydroquinone leads to nanospheres regardless of sequence. The findings highlight the potential for designing DNA-based nanomaterials with controlled morphologies for applications like biosensing, particularly in detecting miR-21, with ongoing work focused on cancer cell detection.
研究不足
The study is limited to specific DNA sequences and reducing agents; generalizability to other sequences or conditions may require further investigation. The stability and applications in biological samples are preliminary and need more validation.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved seed-mediated growth of gold nanoparticles using amine-modified DNA sequences and reducing agents (hydroxylamine or hydroquinone) to form nanoflowers or nanospheres. The design aimed to understand the influence of DNA sequence and reducing agent on morphology.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Gold nanoparticle seeds were synthesized and incubated with various amine-modified 8-mer single-strand DNA sequences (e.g., PMR, PML) and their mutants. DNA sequences were purchased from GeneX India Bioscience Pvt. Ltd.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included a Synergy microplate reader (BIOTEK, USA) for absorbance measurements, FEI Technai G2 20 S-TWIN TEM for imaging, and Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern Instruments) for DLS and ζ-potential measurements. Materials included HAuCl4·3H2O (Sigma-Aldrich), NH2OH·HCl (SISCO Research Laboratories), sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride (Thomas Baker), trisodium citrate dihydrate (Merck chemicals), and oligonucleotides.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Gold seeds were incubated with DNA for 30 minutes, followed by addition of reducing agent (hydroxylamine or hydroquinone) and vigorous shaking for 10 minutes. HAuCl4 was added to initiate reduction, leading to color change. Absorbance, TEM, DLS, and ζ-potential measurements were conducted. Aggregation tests with NaCl and variation in seed concentration, HAuCl4 amount, and DNA concentration were performed.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Absorbance spectra were analyzed for SPR shifts. TEM images were used to determine morphology and size. DLS provided hydrodynamic diameters, and ζ-potential indicated surface charge. Apparent association constants for DNA binding were calculated based on literature methods.
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