1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved preparing sulfonated polystyrene nanoparticles with encapsulated tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP-NPs) using a nanoprecipitation method from electrospun nanofibers. Photophysical properties were measured using time-resolved luminescence, transient absorption, and singlet oxygen-sensitized delayed fluorescence (SODF). Antibacterial testing was conducted on Escherichia coli with and without potassium iodide at various temperatures.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Nanoparticles were prepared from polystyrene nanofiber membranes. Escherichia coli DH5α was used for antibacterial tests. Chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and other suppliers.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included scanning electron microscope (Quanta 200 FEG), transmission electron microscope (Tecnai G2 Spirit Twin12), dynamic light scattering analyzer (Zetasizer Nano ZS), UV/vis spectrometers (Unicam 340 and Varian 4000), spectrofluorimeter (FLS 980), Nd YAG laser, excimer laser, homemade detector for luminescence, laser kinetic spectrometer (LKS 20), xenon lamp. Materials included TPP, potassium iodide, polystyrene, etc.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Nanoparticles were characterized for size and zeta potential. Photophysical measurements were done in quartz cells with temperature control. Antibacterial tests involved irradiating bacterial dispersions with visible light and counting colonies on agar plates.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using exponential fits for lifetimes, Stern-Volmer constants, and statistical methods for antibacterial activity with errors less than 10%.