1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study involved synthesizing two series of twisted bipolar poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives via Suzuki polycondensation to incorporate electron-deficient units (37RSO and 28SO) into the polymer backbone, aiming to reduce conjugation length and suppress charge transfer effects while balancing charge carrier injection and transport.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Polymers were synthesized with varying feed ratios of SO units (5%, 10%, 20%), and homopolymer PCz and PCz-37SOs were used for comparison. Samples were characterized using NMR, FT-IR, elemental analysis, GPC, TGA, DSC, CV, UV-vis, PL spectroscopy, PLQY measurements, theoretical calculations, EL device fabrication, and AFM.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included Bruker DRX 500 NMR spectrometer, WATERS GPC 2695, Bruker VERTEX 33 FT-IR spectrometer, Vario elemental analyzer, Netzsch TG 209 and DSC 204, CHI800C electrochemical analyzer, Shimadzu UV-3600 UV-vis-NIR spectrometer, HORIBA scientific fluoromax-4 spectrofluorometer, IS080 LabSphere integrating sphere, Gaussian 09 software, Instaspec IV CCD spectrophotometer, Keithley 2400 source meter, Konica Minolta CS-200 chroma meter, Seiko SPA 400 AFM with SPI 3800 probe station. Materials included monomers (e.g., Cz-Bpin2, Cz-Br2, 37RSO-Br2, 28SO-Br2), solvents (toluene, THF, chloroform, xylene), and device components (ITO, PEDOT:PSS, Ba, Al, ZnO, MoO3).

4：3). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Polymers were synthesized via Suzuki polycondensation under nitrogen atmosphere, purified, and characterized. Films were spin-coated for optical and electrical measurements. Single-layer PLED devices were fabricated with structure ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/Ba/Al, and their performance was evaluated. Single carrier devices were made for mobility measurements. AFM was used to analyze film morphology.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using standard techniques: molecular weights from GPC, thermal properties from TGA/DSC, electrochemical properties from CV, optical properties from UV-vis and PL spectra, efficiencies from device measurements, and theoretical insights from DFT calculations with Gaussian 09.