研究目的
To monitor the integration and neovascularization of decellularized human tracheal scaffolds in vivo using photoacoustic imaging, as a proof-of-concept for non-invasive assessment in tissue engineering.
研究成果
Photoacoustic imaging enables non-invasive, longitudinal monitoring of neovascularization in biological scaffolds with high resolution and depth penetration, correlating well with histological findings. It holds promise for improving tissue engineering protocols and could inform surgical timing in clinical settings.
研究不足
The study is a proof-of-concept with a small sample size (n=3 mice); imaging depth is limited to approximately 6.8 mm at 850 nm, and the interior of cartilaginous scaffolds remained avascular. The technique requires further technological development for clinical application.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study used photoacoustic tomography (PAT) with a wide-field excitation beam to image subcutaneous implanted scaffolds in mice over 15 weeks, comparing with histological analysis.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Decellularized human tracheal scaffolds from cadaveric donors were implanted subcutaneously in CD1 mice.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Includes a tunable OPO laser system, Fabry-Perot ultrasound sensor, ultrasound gel, isoflurane anesthesia, and histological staining materials.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Scaffolds were prepared using detergent-enzymatic decellularization, implanted in mice, and imaged at multiple time points using PAI at wavelengths of 600 nm and 850 nm. Data were reconstructed using k-Wave toolbox.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Images were reconstructed with time reversal algorithm and attenuation correction; mean intensity of voxels was calculated to quantify neovascularization, and histological staining (H&E and endomucin) was performed for validation.
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