研究目的
To design, develop, and implement a cost-effective wireless system for real-time slope monitoring using time-domain reflectometry with a wireless sensor network to provide early warnings of slope failures.
研究成果
The study successfully developed and implemented a cost-effective TDR-WSN system for real-time slope monitoring. Laboratory experiments established a linear relationship between deformation and reflection coefficient for various coaxial cables. Field trials over five months demonstrated system stability and correlation with conventional monitoring methods, with no significant slope movements detected. The system provides a viable alternative to expensive monitoring techniques, with potential for further improvements in range and power efficiency.
研究不足
The system's range is limited by the ZigBee module's communication range (around 1.5 km), and power backup requirements for continuous operation. Laboratory tests were conducted with manual deformations up to 6mm, and field trials showed no significant movements, so the system's performance under larger deformations is not fully tested. Future work could explore longer-range RF modules like LoRa and different cable types.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved laboratory and field experiments to establish a relationship between cable deformation and reflection coefficient using TDR, integrated with a WSN for wireless data transmission. Methods included TDR waveform acquisition, coaxial cable testing, and wireless communication setup using ZigBee modules.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Coaxial cables (RG-58/U, RG-6, RG-59, RG-213/U) were selected based on commercial availability and specifications. Field data was collected from three boreholes in the DongriBuzurg mine, with cables grouted and connected to TDR systems.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included Campbell Scientific TDR100, SDM8X50 Multiplexer, Arduino UNO microcontroller, XBee modules (ZigBee), coaxial cables, open-cast model for laboratory testing, total station for verification, and a PC with Python for GUI and data handling.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Laboratory tests involved applying shear deformations to cables in an open-cast model and measuring reflection coefficients. Field installation included drilling holes, grouting cables, setting up TDR and wireless nodes, and continuous data acquisition and transmission to a mine office. Data was analyzed using Python for real-time plotting and storage.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Reflection coefficients were measured and correlated with deformation magnitudes. Data was transmitted wirelessly, stored, and plotted using Python scripts. Field data was verified against total station measurements for accuracy.
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