研究目的
To present an update on the development of a UAS-based system for in-situ antenna characterization and calibration of radar systems, with improvements in RF probe purity and high position accuracy.
研究成果
The developed UAS platform with enhanced features such as high cross-polarization isolation, extended flight time, and sub-centimeter position accuracy significantly improves the quality of in-situ antenna measurements and radar calibration, supporting missions like those in the SENSR program. Future work will focus on finalizing the prototype with larger array probes.
研究不足
The current setup is limited to S-band frequencies (2-4 GHz) and a specific array size; challenges include achieving consistent RTK fixed precision in flight and potential environmental impacts like wind. Further optimization is needed for higher frequency ranges and larger arrays.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The methodology involves designing and customizing a UAS platform for antenna measurements, using electromagnetic simulations (e.g., WIPL-D) to optimize the RF probe and minimize interactions with the UAS structure. The design includes a multirotor UAS with a high-precision gimbal and DGPS for positioning accuracy.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The setup uses an S-band array probe of 3x3 elements, with simulations and measurements conducted on hexacopter and octocopter UAS platforms. Data is sourced from electromagnetic simulations and field tests.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes a customized UAS platform, 3-axis gimbal, antenna array, pulse generator-transmitter, DGPS units (e.g., Emlid Reach, SwiftNav Piksi), lidar for altimetry, and RF absorbing materials.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Steps involve simulating antenna patterns with and without UAS structure using WIPL-D, conducting ground and flight tests with DGPS for position accuracy, and performing RF measurements to characterize antenna performance.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data analysis includes comparing simulated and measured antenna patterns, assessing position accuracy from DGPS readings, and evaluating cross-polarization isolation and beam patterns.
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Unmanned Aircraft System
Hexacopter, Octocopter
ARRC (Advanced Radar Research Center)
Platform for carrying RF probe and sensors for antenna measurements and radar calibration.
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3-axis Gimbal
Holds the antenna array and pulse generator-transmitter for stable positioning during flight.
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Antenna Array
3x3 elements
RF probe for transmitting signals and measuring antenna patterns.
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Pulse Generator-Transmitter
Generates RF pulses for radar characterization.
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DGPS Unit
Emlid Reach, SwiftNav Piksi
Emlid, SwiftNav
Provides high-precision positioning using RTK algorithms for accurate UAS location.
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Lidar
Used for high-precision altimetry to aid in position accuracy.
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RF Absorbing Materials
Minimizes reflections and diffractions from the UAS structure.
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Electromagnetic Simulator
WIPL-D
WIPL-D
Simulates antenna patterns and interactions with UAS structure using method of moments.
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