研究目的
To develop a low-cost method for producing highly conductive and stretchable wires on elastic silicone substrates using inkjet printing of silver nanoparticles for applications in wearables and robotics.
研究成果
Inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle wires on PDMS substrates exhibit high conductivity, stretchability up to 300%, and self-healing properties after over-stretching. They are suitable for wearable applications, such as sensors in sportswear and robotics, due to their low-cost production and robustness under cyclic strain. Future work should focus on improving adhesion and optimizing wire layout for enhanced performance.
研究不足
The adhesion of silver lines to PDMS is poor, requiring potential encapsulation for durability. The resistance increases with cyclic stretching and may not fully recover without extended relaxation times. The method is limited to specific substrates and ink formulations, and scalability to industrial production is not addressed.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study uses inkjet printing to deposit silver nanoparticle ink on oxygen plasma-treated PDMS films, followed by drying at 60°C. The method leverages the viscoelastic properties of PDMS and the self-healing nature of unsintered silver nanoparticle films under strain.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples include PDMS films (Elastosil from Wacker Chemie AG) treated with oxygen plasma and printed with silver nanoparticle ink (DGP-40LT-15C from Advanced Nano Products). Data on resistance, strain, and recovery are collected through cyclic stretching tests.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes an oxygen plasma asher (Femto Plasma Asher from Diener Electronics), inkjet printer (Epson Workforce 2010W), oven (Memmert UF 55), optical microscope (Axiolab A1 MAT with Axiocam 105 color camera from Carl Zeiss AG), profilometer (Dektak XT from Bruker Corporation), SEM (Nvision 40 from Carl Zeiss AG), custom-built stretching setup with stepper motor (Nanotec Electronic GmbH & Co KG), multimeter (Keithley 2700 from Keithley Instruments), and LabView for automation. Materials include AgNP ink, PDMS film, copper tape, Sylgard 184 PDMS, conductive epoxy, and LEDs.
4:Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
PDMS films are plasma-treated, inkjet-printed with AgNP ink, dried at 60°C for 30 min, and characterized. Stretching tests involve cyclic elongation (e.g., 20% strain for 10,000 cycles) with resistance measurements after relaxation. Integration into wearables involves gluing samples to tights and assembling LEDs.
5:Data Analysis Methods:
Resistance is measured using a two-point method with a multimeter, and sheet resistance is calculated based on line dimensions. Optical and SEM imaging analyze crack formation and recovery. Statistical analysis of resistance changes over cycles is performed.
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Optical microscope
Axiolab A1 MAT
Carl Zeiss AG
Imaging printed patterns and cracks
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Profilometer
Dektak XT
Bruker Corporation
Measuring thickness of printed films
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SEM
Nvision 40
Carl Zeiss AG
High-resolution imaging of nanoparticle films and cracks
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AgNP ink
DGP-40LT-15C
Advanced Nano Products (ANP)
Conductive ink for inkjet printing to form stretchable wires
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PDMS film
Elastosil film
Wacker Chemie AG
Stretchable substrate for printing conductive patterns
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Oxygen plasma asher
Femto Plasma Asher
Diener Electronics
Surface treatment of PDMS to improve wettability for inkjet printing
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Inkjet printer
Epson Workforce 2010W
Memmert GmbH + Co.KG
Printing silver nanoparticle ink onto substrates
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Oven
Memmert UF 55
Memmert GmbH + Co.KG
Drying printed samples at controlled temperature
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Stepper motor
Nanotec Electronic GmbH & Co KG
Part of custom-built stretching setup to exert strain on samples
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Multimeter
Keithley 2700
Keithley Instruments
Measuring electrical resistance of printed wires
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PDMS
Sylgard 184
Sigma Aldrich
Gluing and encapsulating components in wearable integration
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Conductive epoxy
Electrical connection and assembly of components like LEDs
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LED
Demonstrating functionality of stretchable conductors by lighting up when powered
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