1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

The study used ion beam irradiation to modify nanocomposite thin films, with a focus on controlling ion species, energy, and fluence to engineer structural and optical properties. The synthesis combined sol-gel and spin coating methods.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Thin films of Ag-TiO2-PVA nanocomposite were deposited on silica glass substrates. Materials included silver nitrate (AgNO3), titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), ethanol, and methylene blue (MB) dye for photocatalytic tests.

3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Equipment included atomic force microscopy (AFM, Park Systems XE-70), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, ZEISS), UV-Visible optical absorption spectroscopy (HITACHI U-3300), Raman spectroscopy (Horiba Jobin Yvon LabRAM), and XRD (PANanalytical X'pert PRO, λ = 0.15406 nm). Materials were procured from SRL India, Spectrochem India, and CDH India.

4：15406 nm). Materials were procured from SRL India, Spectrochem India, and CDH India. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Thin films were prepared by sol-gel synthesis of TiO2 nanostructures, followed by spin coating of a colloidal mixture with AgNO3 and PVA. Ion irradiation was performed at room temperature with 8 MeV Si3+ ions at fluences from 5 × 10^12 to 1 × 10^13 ions/cm2. Morphological, structural, and optical characterizations were conducted. Photocatalytic activity was assessed by exposing films to MB solution under sunlight and measuring degradation.

5：Data Analysis Methods:

Data were analyzed using techniques such as XRD for phase identification, Raman spectroscopy for structural analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy for optical properties, and kinetic modeling for photocatalytic efficiency (e.g., rate constants from ln(C/C0) plots).