研究目的
To develop a multifunctional nanocomplex for imaging-guided multimodal therapy of cancer using PEGylated mesoporous Bi2S3 nanostars loaded with doxorubicin and chlorin e6.
研究成果
The BPDC NSs demonstrated excellent potential as a theranostic nanoplatform, enabling effective multimodal imaging and combination therapy (PTT, PDT, chemotherapy) with high biocompatibility and significant tumor suppression in vivo, suggesting promise for future cancer treatment applications.
研究不足
The study may have limitations in scalability for clinical use, potential long-term toxicity not fully assessed, and the need for optimization in drug loading efficiency and specificity for different cancer types.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study involved synthesizing PEGylated mesoporous Bi2S3 nanostars (NSs) through a hydrothermal process, loading them with doxorubicin (DOX) and chlorin e6 (Ce6) via nanoprecipitation, and evaluating their properties for photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy, and imaging. Theoretical models included photothermal conversion and drug release kinetics.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Samples included Bi2O3 nanospheres as precursors, Bi2S3 NSs, and BPDC NSs. Cell lines used were HeLa (human cervical cancer) and 4T1 (murine mammary carcinoma), and animal models were KM mice and BALB/c mice bearing 4T1 tumors. Data were acquired through various spectroscopic and imaging techniques.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment included SEM, TEM, DLS, XRD, XPS, BET analyzer, UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer, confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), flow cytometer, infrared thermal camera, CT scanner, and fluorescence spectrophotometer. Materials included Bi2O3, PEG, DOX, Ce6, PBS, DMSO, and cell culture reagents.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Synthesis of Bi2S3 NSs from Bi2O3, PEGylation, loading of DOX and Ce6, characterization of physicochemical properties, in vitro studies on photothermal effects, cellular uptake, ROS generation, cytotoxicity, and in vivo studies on pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, imaging, and antitumor efficacy.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
Data were analyzed using fluorescence spectrometry for drug loading and release, DLS for size distribution, XPS and XRD for elemental and crystalline analysis, BET for porosity, and statistical methods for cell viability and tumor volume changes.
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SEM
Imaging of nanostructures
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TEM
High-resolution imaging of nanostructures
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DLS
Measurement of hydrodynamic size and polydispersity index
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XRD
Analysis of crystalline phase
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XPS
Elemental composition and chemical valence analysis
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BET analyzer
Measurement of surface area and porosity
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UV-vis-NIR spectrophotometer
Absorbance spectroscopy
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Confocal laser scanning microscope
CLSM
Cellular imaging and uptake studies
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Flow cytometer
Quantification of cellular uptake
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Infrared thermal camera
Thermal imaging for photothermal effects
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CT scanner
Computed tomography imaging
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Fluorescence spectrophotometer
Measurement of fluorescence for drug release and quantification
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NIR laser
808 nm
Induction of photothermal therapy
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Laser
660 nm
Activation of photodynamic therapy
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