研究目的
To study the feasibility of linear friction welding of Ti-6Al-4V parts made by electron beam melting, focusing on microstructure and mechanical properties.
研究成果
LFW is a viable technology for welding EBMed Ti-6Al-4V parts, producing welds with microstructure and hardness comparable to the base material. The process is robust across the tested specific power input range (~0.7 to ~1.2 W/mm2), enabling the assembly of larger components from smaller EBMed parts for industrial applications, particularly in aerospace.
研究不足
The study is limited to Ti-6Al-4V alloy and specific EBM and LFW parameters. It does not investigate tensile strength, fatigue resistance, or other mechanical properties beyond hardness. The range of frequency and pressure is narrow, and results may not generalize to other materials or conditions.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The study investigates linear friction welding (LFW) of Ti-6Al-4V parts produced by electron beam melting (EBM). Different processing conditions of oscillation frequency (40, 45, 50 Hz) and forging pressure (55, 75 MPa) are used, with amplitude kept constant at 2 mm. The specific power input is calculated for each condition.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Ti-6Al-4V cuboids (40 mm x 10 mm x 50 mm) are manufactured using EBM with an Arcam A2X machine. Gas-atomized Ti-6Al-4V powder with specified chemical composition is used.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Equipment includes an Arcam A2X EBM machine, a standard LFW machine with in-plane and forge actuators, a slow-speed diamond saw for sectioning, optic microscope, SEM for microstructural analysis, and microhardness tester. Materials include Ti-6Al-4V powder and Kroll's reagent for etching.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Parts are welded in pairs along the 40 mm x 10 mm plane. Welding is performed at room temperature with specified frequency, amplitude, and pressure. Post-welding, samples are sectioned longitudinally, mounted, ground, polished, etched, and analyzed for microstructure and hardness. Microhardness measurements are taken with a load of
5：2 kg for 10 s, with five measurements per point. Data Analysis Methods:
Microstructure is characterized using optical microscopy and SEM. Hardness data are averaged from multiple measurements, and statistical analysis (95% confidence intervals) is applied. Lath thickness and porosity are measured and compared across zones.
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