1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

Hydrothermal synthesis of two BiVO4 materials (leaves-shaped L-BiVO4 and bulk-shaped B-BiVO4) for comparison in photocatalytic ozonation processes under visible light. Theoretical models include synergy index calculation and mechanism studies involving reactive species.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Oxalic acid (OA) and penicillin were used as target contaminants in simulated pharmaceutical wastewater. Solutions were prepared with specified concentrations (e.g., 1 mM OA, 0.1 mM penicillin).

3：1 mM penicillin). List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

3. List of Experimental Equipment and Materials: Equipment includes X-ray diffractometer (XRD, X’PERT-PRO MPD), scanning electron microscope (SEM, JSM-7610F, JEOL), automated gas sorption analyzer (Autosorb-iQ, Quantachrome), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrometer (Varian Cary 5000), ultraviolet photoelectron spectrometer (ESCALAB 250Xi, Thermo Fisher Scientific), fluorescence spectrometer (NanoLOG-TCSPC, Horiba Jobin Yvon), 300 W xenon lamp (CEL-NP2000, Aulight Co., Ltd.), ozone generator (Anseros COM-AD-01), ozone analyzer (BMT 964C), high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC, Agilent series 1260), and TOC analyzer (Shimadzu TOC-VCPH). Materials include sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, ammonia, triethanolamine, tert-butyl alcohol, oxalic acid, bismuth nitrate, sodium metavanadate, ammonium metavanadate, penicillin sodium salt, ultrapure oxygen, and ultrapure water.

4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

Synthesis involved hydrothermal treatment at 180°C for 24 hours. Degradation experiments were conducted in a 500 mL glass reactor with ozone bubbling (flow rate 100 mL/min, concentrations 20-90 mg/L) and visible light irradiation (420-800 nm, 400 mW/cm2). Catalyst dosage was 0.1 g/L, with adsorption-desorption equilibrium in dark for 20 minutes before reaction. Samples were analyzed for concentration and TOC removal.

5：1 g/L, with adsorption-desorption equilibrium in dark for 20 minutes before reaction. Samples were analyzed for concentration and TOC removal. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: Data were analyzed using HPLC for OA concentration, TOC analyzer for mineralization, and statistical methods for synergy index calculation (η = removal rate in combined process / (removal rate in photocatalysis + removal rate in catalytic ozonation)).