研究目的
To present a solar-powered smart agricultural monitoring system with IoT devices for enhancing agricultural production by using sensor nodes with energy harvesting capabilities, and to compare the advantages of energy harvesting in extending device lifetime.
研究成果
The solar-powered smart agricultural monitoring system effectively extends the lifetime of sensor nodes through energy harvesting, as demonstrated by experimental results. The system successfully collects and transmits environmental data, providing a reliable solution for precision agriculture. Future work could focus on outdoor deployment, optimizing power management, and integrating additional sensors for broader applications.
研究不足
The experiment was conducted in a controlled indoor environment, which may not fully replicate outdoor field conditions. The solar panel's effectiveness depends on sunlight availability, and the system's scalability and long-term reliability in real agricultural settings were not extensively tested. The high sampling frequency used for testing may not be necessary for actual agricultural applications where environmental changes are slower.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
A small two-hop network was created with four nodes (two sensor nodes, one relay, one destination) to evaluate performance. One sensor node had a solar panel for energy harvesting, while the other did not. The system was designed to measure environmental conditions and transmit data wirelessly.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
The experiment used prototype nodes placed in a controlled environment (a research lab) with sensors measuring soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and battery voltage. Data was collected and timestamped for analysis.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
Components included Arduino Uno Rev3 microcontroller, Series 2 XBee with 2mW Wire Antenna, Grove Soil Moisture Sensor, DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, power converter, solar panel (Star Solar D165X165), and Grand Pro 3.7V 6600mAh LiPo battery.
4：7V 6600mAh LiPo battery.
Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Nodes were configured with a sampling frequency of 0.5 Hz and transmission interval of 2 seconds. Sensors were placed in a potted plant for soil moisture measurement, and nodes were positioned near a window for solar charging. Tests ran until one node ceased functioning, with batteries fully charged initially.
5：5 Hz and transmission interval of 2 seconds. Sensors were placed in a potted plant for soil moisture measurement, and nodes were positioned near a window for solar charging. Tests ran until one node ceased functioning, with batteries fully charged initially.
Data Analysis Methods:
5. Data Analysis Methods: Data was collected and analyzed to compare battery levels, power consumption, and sensor readings. Estimates for runtime were calculated based on voltage measurements and linear assumptions.
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