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Mathematical model development and optimal design of the horizontal all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors integrated with bottom mirror reflectors for solar energy harvesting

DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.006 期刊:Applied Energy 出版年份:2019 更新时间:2025-09-19 17:15:36
摘要: As one of the inexhaustible energy sources, solar energy as a means to provide space heating has been a public interest for decades. Many stand-alone solar thermal technologies have come into practice to replace the out-of-date systems. However, conventional solar thermal systems present two drawbacks: (1) unsteady solar sources can lead to insufficient heating in the winter, and (2) the solar collectors can become overheated in the summer. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual design of an integrated solar harvesting unit that consists of the horizontal all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors and bottom mirror reflectors to overcome the above drawbacks to the largest extent possible. To accomplish this, a generic mathematical model of this design unit was developed, followed by the model validation process and optimal design analysis. For cities in the severe cold and cold climate zones of northern China, the bottom mirror reflectors can be regarded as solar energy collection boosters during the heating season, which can contribute solar energy ranging from 40% to 80% of the total collected solar energy depending on the inclined angles of the solar collectors and reflectors. In the summer, using such integrated unit with the solar collectors tilted at an obtuse angle, the absorbed solar radiation can be reduced by 20%, which is beneficial to overheating prevention.
作者: Chunliu Mao,Muran Li,Na Li,Ming Shan,Xudong Yang
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To propose a conceptual design of an integrated solar harvesting unit with horizontal all-glass evacuated tube solar collectors and bottom mirror reflectors to overcome drawbacks of insufficient heating in winter and overheating in summer, and to develop a mathematical model, validate it, and perform optimal design analysis.

The developed mathematical model is generic and validated with good R-squared values. Optimal tilt angles for collectors and reflectors were identified, showing that the design unit can enhance solar energy collection by 40-80% in winter and reduce it by up to 20% in summer, effectively addressing the drawbacks of conventional systems. The reflectors act as boosters, and the design is feasible for applications in northern China.

The model validation was partial, only covering the front side of the arrays and reflectors due to test constraints; back-side measurements were not obtained. TMY data may not fully represent actual weather conditions, leading to discrepancies. The study focused on solar energy collection, not thermal efficiency, which will be addressed in future work. The analysis is specific to northern China and may not be generalizable to other regions.

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