1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:

A two-step covalent grafting method was employed. First, the synthetic clay Laponite was functionalized with a triethoxysilylated ligand (phenSi) via reaction between terminal triethoxy groups and surface OH groups of the clay. Second, lanthanide complexes (Eu(TTA)3·2H2O, Eu(pybox)3, Tb(pybox)3) were coordinated to the nitrogen atoms of the grafted Phen moieties to form hybrid materials. Theoretical models for coordination (e.g., coordination number of 8 or 9 for lanthanide complexes) were considered.

2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:

Laponite clay was used as the inorganic matrix. Lanthanide complexes were synthesized or purchased, including Eu(TTA)3·2H2O, Eu(pybox)3, and Tb(pybox)

3：Samples were prepared with specific molar ratios (e.g.,

1 for complex to phenSi).

4：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:

Materials included Laponite (Rockwood Additives Ltd.), 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA, Aldrich), Europium chloride (EuCl3·6H2O), Terbium chloride (TbCl3·6H2O), 2,6-bis[(4R)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolinyl] pyridine (pybox, J&K), 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline (phen-NH2, Aldrich), 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate (ICPTES, J&K), ethanol, chloroform, ultrapure water. Equipment included sonicator, centrifuge, Bruker Vector 22 FT-IR spectrophotometer, Elementary Vario EI elemental analyzer, Edinburgh Instruments FS920P fluorescence spectrophotometer with 450 W xenon lamp, double excitation monochromator (1800 lines mm-1), emission monochromator (600 lines mm-1), Hamamatsu RMP928 photomultiplier tube, microsecond flash lamp, integrating sphere (150 mm diameter, BaSO4 coating).

5：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:

For Lap-phenSi synthesis, Laponite was dispersed in ultrapure water under sonication, phenSi in ethanol was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 6 h, followed by centrifugation. For hybrid material synthesis (e.g., Lap-phenSi-Eu(TTA)3), Eu(TTA)3·2H2O in ethanol was added to Lap-phenSi suspension, stirred for 6 h at room temperature, centrifuged, and washed with ethanol. Similar steps were used for Lap-phenSi-Eu(pybox)3 and Lap-phenSi-Tb(pybox)3. Characterization involved FT-IR, elemental analysis, luminescence spectra, lifetime measurements, and quantum yield determination using standard protocols.

6：Characterization involved FT-IR, elemental analysis, luminescence spectra, lifetime measurements, and quantum yield determination using standard protocols. Data Analysis Methods:

5. Data Analysis Methods: FT-IR spectra were analyzed for peak shifts to confirm grafting and coordination. Luminescence data (excitation and emission spectra) were measured and analyzed for characteristic transitions. Lifetime decay curves were fitted to single-exponential functions. Absolute quantum yields were calculated using the integrating sphere method. Elemental analysis data were compared to theoretical values.