研究目的
Investigating the effects of perpendicular bulky aryl groups (Tip groups) on the electronic properties and complexation behavior of 4,4-dihydrodithienosilole.
研究成果
The perpendicular Tip groups at the 3,5-positions of 4,4-dihydrodithienosilole significantly influence its electronic properties, leading to bathochromic shifts in UV/Vis absorption, higher fluorescence quantum yields, and enable the isolation of silylplatinum hydride complex 7 through oxidative addition. This demonstrates the role of bulky aryl groups in modulating electronic behavior and reactivity, with implications for designing π-conjugated materials and organometallic complexes.
研究不足
Compound 1 is stable in air but gradually decomposes during column chromatography over silica gel. The fluorescence quantum yield of complex 7 is low and depends on excitation wavelength, with potential non-radiative processes. Theoretical models may not fully capture steric effects in complex 7.
1:Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The synthesis of compound 1 involved a multi-step process starting from 3,3’,5,5’-tetrabromo-2,2’-bithiophene, including iodination, Ullmann-type coupling with TipCu, selective debromination, and lithiation followed by addition of dichlorosilane. Characterization methods included NMR, IR, mass spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, UV/Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations (TD-DFT). The reaction with Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4) was performed to study complexation.
2:Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Compounds 1 and 7 were synthesized and characterized. Reference compounds II and related siloles were used for comparison. Data were obtained from synthesized samples and theoretical models.
3:List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
NMR spectrometers (JEOL JNM-LA500, JNM-ECA600), IR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu FTIR-8700), mass spectrometers (JEOL JMS-SX102, Bruker Daltonics solariX), UV/Vis spectrophotometer (JASCO V-570), spectrofluorometer (Hitachi F-4500), absolute PL quantum yield measurement system (Hamamatsu Photonics C9920-02), lifetime fluorometer (Horiba Jobin Yvon FluoroCube 3000U), microwave synthesizer (Biotage Initiator), X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku R-AXIS IV++), computational software (Gaussian 09). Chemicals included 3,3’,5,5’-tetrabromo-2,2’-bithiophene, TipCu, dichlorosilane, Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4), solvents (THF, diethyl ether, toluene, benzene, chloroform, hexane), and reagents (iodine, orthoperiodic acid, butyllithium, etc.).
4:9). Chemicals included 3,3’,5,5’-tetrabromo-2,2’-bithiophene, TipCu, dichlorosilane, Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4), solvents (THF, diethyl ether, toluene, benzene, chloroform, hexane), and reagents (iodine, orthoperiodic acid, butyllithium, etc.). Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
4. Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow: Synthesis steps: iodination of 3,3’,5,5’-tetrabromo-2,2’-bithiophene to 2; Ullmann coupling with TipCu under microwave irradiation to 3; selective debromination with butyllithium to 4; lithiation and reaction with dichlorosilane to
5:Complexation:
reaction of 1 with Pt(PPh3)2(C2H4) in benzene to
6:Characterization:
NMR, IR, mass spectra, X-ray crystallography, UV/Vis, fluorescence measurements, quantum yield and lifetime determinations. Theoretical calculations: geometry optimization and TD-DFT at B3LYP level with various basis sets.
7:Data Analysis Methods:
NMR data analysis for structural elucidation, IR for functional groups, mass spectra for molecular weight, X-ray for crystal structure, UV/Vis for absorption properties, fluorescence for emission properties, quantum yields and lifetimes calculated using standard equations, theoretical data analyzed for electronic transitions and molecular orbitals.
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NMR Spectrometer
JNM-LA500
JEOL
Measurement of 1H, 13C, 29Si, 31P, and 195Pt NMR spectra for structural characterization.
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NMR Spectrometer
JNM-ECA600
JEOL
Measurement of 1H, 13C, 29Si, 31P, and 195Pt NMR spectra for structural characterization.
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IR Spectrophotometer
FTIR-8700
Shimadzu
Recording IR spectra for functional group analysis, including Si-H stretching vibrations.
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Mass Spectrometer
JMS-SX102
JEOL
Recording mass spectra for molecular weight determination.
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Mass Spectrometer
solariX
Bruker Daltonics
Recording high-resolution mass spectra for accurate mass determination.
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UV/Vis Spectrophotometer
V-570
JASCO
Measurement of UV/Vis absorption spectra for electronic property analysis.
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Spectrofluorometer
F-4500
Hitachi
Obtaining fluorescence spectra for emission property analysis.
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Absolute PL Quantum Yield Measurement System
C9920-02
Hamamatsu Photonics
Determination of fluorescence quantum yields.
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Lifetime Fluorometer
FluoroCube 3000U
Horiba Jobin Yvon
Measurement of fluorescence lifetimes.
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Microwave Synthesizer
Initiator
Biotage
Performing microwave-assisted reactions, such as Ullmann-type coupling.
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X-ray Diffractometer
R-AXIS IV++
Rigaku
Collecting intensity data for X-ray crystallographic analysis.
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Computational Software
Gaussian 09
Gaussian, Inc.
Performing theoretical calculations including geometry optimization and TD-DFT.
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Computer System
PRIMERGY RX300
Fujitsu
Running theoretical calculations.
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Melting Point Apparatus
BY-2
Yazawa
Measuring melting points of compounds.
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Melting Point Apparatus
MP-J3
Yanaco
Measuring melting point of compound 7 under argon atmosphere.
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