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[IEEE 2019 IEEE 15th Brazilian Power Electronics Conference and 5th IEEE Southern Power Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC) - Santos, Brazil (2019.12.1-2019.12.4)] 2019 IEEE 15th Brazilian Power Electronics Conference and 5th IEEE Southern Power Electronics Conference (COBEP/SPEC) - On the Influence of Area Variations of the Photovoltaic ;Surface in Solar Cell Antennas
摘要： Some low power applications where antennas and solar cells are integrated into the same system have limitations and requirements imposed by the radiation characteristics that, usually, are ful?lled by varying solar cell physical parameters. The negative in?uences of those variations are not profoundly discussed in the literature that studies the extremely low-power systems, where radiofrequency and photovoltaic devices share the same structure. In this context, this work models a photovoltaic cell used as an antenna and analyzes the consequences of the solar cell area variation, imposed by the fabrication process of the radiating element. The parameters of the one-diode equivalent circuit model are extracted and used to simulated the I-V curves for different irradiance levels, validating the simulations with experimental measurements performed in the laboratory. Also, the solar cell ?ll factor, energy conversion ef?ciency, and current density are analyzed.
关键词： low power devices,Solar cell modeling,energy harvesting,solar cell and antenna integration
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Applying Fast Scanning Method Coupled with Digital Image Processing Technology as Standard Acquisition Mode for Scanning Electron Microscopy
摘要： This study proposes an e?cient and fast method of scanning (e.g., television (TV) scan) coupled with digital image processing technology to replace the conventional slow-scan mode as a standard model of acquisition for general-purpose scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images obtained using the proposed method had the same quality in terms of sharpness and noise as slow-scan images, and it was able to suppress the adverse e?ects of charging in a full-vacuum condition, which is a challenging problem in this area. Two problems needed to be solved in designing the proposed method. One was suitable compensation in image quality using the inverse ?lter based on characteristics of the frequency of a TV-scan image, and the other to devise an accurate technique of image integration (noise suppression), the position alignment of which is robust against noise. This involved using the image montage technique and estimating the number of images needed for the integration. The ?nal result of our TV-scan mode was compared with the slow-scan image as well as the conventional TV-scan image.
关键词： image integration,inverse filter,TV scan,charging effects,scanning electron microscopy,fast scanning method,digital image processing,slow-scan mode
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Method for Digital Correction of Signals of Multirow Photodetectors for Detecting Small Objects
摘要： The method of digital correction of output signals of multirow infrared (IR) photodetectors (PDs) for detecting small objects is proposed. The method makes it possible to correct the shape of impulse response distorted by high-frequency filtering inside the PD and increase the signal/noise ratio. The presented method is compared with the matched filtering method. The effectiveness of the proposed method for reducing the number of defective “abnormally noisy” PD channels is shown. The source data for calculations are the images obtained as a result of PD tests in a small object detection mode.
关键词： recursive filter,digital filter,small object,infrared,matched filter,time delay and integration,PD
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Shining Light on Organic Solar Cells
摘要： Organic solar cells have come a long way from fundamental considerations of charge carrier dynamics in organic semiconductors to devices with laboratory power conversion efficiencies exceeding 17% and first power harvesting installations. Despite this story of success, these days, the scientific community witnesses a shift of research efforts to other solar concepts, leaving behind a high-potential solar technology with better applicability forecasts than ever before. Very compelling reasons still exist why organic solar cells can become the solar technology of the future that offers design versatility and enables unprecedented applications while offering lowest energy payback times and ecologic sustainability. This perspective article highlights why organic solar cells are still a research field of highest socio-economic relevance, which challenges remain to be mastered in the future, and how organic solar cells can make a difference in the future energy landscape.
关键词： performance,building integration,organic solar cells,stability,mobile energy supply,environmentally friendly production
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Portland, OR (2018.9.23-2018.9.27)] 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) - Critical Capacity Analysis for Optimal Sizing of PV and Energy Storage for a Household
摘要： This paper examines how the selection of the PV rating and energy storage capacity affects the economic benefits for a grid-connected household. It proposes a novel technique called the critical capacity method which provides useful intuitive insights into the optimisation as well as potential runtime improvements compared to conventional methods. The critical capacity method is applied to a case study of the optimisation of a particular household. A sensitivity analysis of the results to factors such as the household load profile, PV/storage pricing and averaging of the PV/load data is performed.
关键词： energy storage,renewable energy integration,photo-voltaics
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Ottawa, ON (2018.8.7-2018.8.9)] 2018 International Flexible Electronics Technology Conference (IFETC) - Adopting Hybrid Integrated Flexible Electronics in Products: Case - Personal Activity Meter
摘要： In this case study, the possibilities of hybrid integration of printed and flexible electronics in combination with conventional electronic components to create new types of product concepts is demonstrated. The final result is a personal activity meter demonstrator, which is realized by utilizing various flexible and wearable electronics manufacturing and integration techniques including roll-to-roll printing, pick-and-place component assembly, laser processing, and injection molding. To validate the feasibility and scalability of the processes used, 100 pieces of the personal activity meter were fabricated.
关键词： structural electronics,printed electronics,injection molding,electrochromics,hybrid integration
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Review—System-on-Chip SMO Gas Sensor Integration in Advanced CMOS Technology
摘要： The growing demand for the integration of functionalities on a single device is peaking with the rise of IoT. We are near to having multiple sensors in portable and wearable technologies, made possible through integration of sensor fabrication with mature CMOS manufacturing. In this paper we address semiconductor metal oxide sensors, which have the potential to become a universal sensor since they can be used in many emerging applications. This review concentrates on the gas sensing capabilities of the sensor and summarizes achievements in modeling relevant materials and processes for these emerging devices. Recent advances in sensor fabrication and the modeling thereof are further discussed, followed by a description of the essential electro-thermal-mechanical analyses, employed to estimate the devices’ mechanical reliability. We further address advances made in understanding the sensing layer, which can be modeled similar to a transistor, where instead of a gate contact, the ionosorped gas ions create a surface potential, changing the film’s conduction. Due to the intricate nature of the porous sensing films and the reception-transduction mechanism, many added complexities must be addressed. The importance of a thorough understanding of the electro-thermal-mechanical problem and how it links to the operation of the sensing film is thereby highlighted.
关键词： SMO gas sensors,CMOS integration,sensing mechanism,modeling,microheater design
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Fabrication of a CMOS-based Imaging Chip with Monolithically Integrated RGB and NIR Filters
摘要： Recent developments in multispectral cameras have demonstrated how compact and low-cost spectral sensors can be made by monolithically integrating filters on top of commercially available image sensors. In this paper, the fabrication of a RGB + NIR variation to such a single-chip imaging system is described, including the integration of a metallic shield to minimize crosstalk, and two interference filters: a NIR blocking filter, and a NIR bandpass filter. This is then combined with standard polymer based RGB colour filters. Fabrication of this chip is done in imec's 200 mm cleanroom using standard CMOS technology, except for the addition of RGB colour filters and microlenses, which is outsourced.
关键词： multispectral imaging,RGB,NIR,CMOS image sensor,monolithic integration,optical filters
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Integrated photocatalytic-biological treatment of triazine-containing pollutants
摘要： The degradation of triazine-containing pollutants including simazine, Irgarol 1051 and Reactive Brilliant Red K-2G (K-2G) by photocatalytic treatment was investigated. The effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) concentration, initial pH of reaction mixture, irradiation time and ultraviolet (UV) intensity on photocatalytic treatment efficiency were examined. Complete decolorization of K-2G was observed at 60 min photodegradation while only 15 min were required to completely degrade simazine and Irgarol 1051 under respective optimized conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and ion chromatography (IC) were employed to identify the photocatalytic degradation intermediates and products. Dealkylated intermediates of simazine, deisopropylatrazine and deethyldeisopropylatrazine, and Irgarol 1051 were detected by GC/MS in the initial phase of degradation. Complete mineralization could not be achieved for all triazine-containing pollutants even after prolonged (>72 h) UV irradiation due to the presence of a photocatalysis-resistant end product, cyanuric acid (CA). The toxicities of different compounds before and after photocatalytic treatment were also monitored by three bioassays. To further treat the photocatalysis-resistant end product, a CA-degrading bacterium was isolated from polluted marine sediment and further identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae by comparing the substrate utilization pattern (Biolog? microplate), fatty acid composition and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. K. pneumoniae efficiently utilized CA from 1 to 2000 mg/L as a good nitrogen source and complete mineralization of CA was observed within 24 h of incubation. This study demonstrates that the biodegradability of triazine-containing pollutants was significantly improved by the photocatalytic pre-treatment, and this proposed photocatalytic-biological integrated system can effectively treat various classes of triazine-containing pollutants.
关键词： Integration,Biodegradation,Photocatalysis,Triazine-containing pollutants
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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[IEEE 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Munich, Germany (2019.6.23-2019.6.27)] 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC) - Cooling Effect of Tm Co-Doping: Increase the System Efficiency and Prospecting to Reach the 70 K Cooling Temperature
摘要： The Offshore Simulator Centre AS (OSC) is the world's most advanced provider of simulators for demanding offshore operations. However, even though the OSC provides very powerful simulation tools, it is mainly designed for training purposes and it does not inherently offer any flexible methods concerning the control methodology. In fact, each crane model is controlled with a dedicated control algorithm that cannot be modified, accessed, or replaced at runtime. As a result, it is not possible to dynamically switch between different control methods, nor is it possible to easily investigate alternative control approaches. To overcome these problems, a flexible and general control system architecture that allows for modeling flexible control algorithms of maritime cranes and more generally, robotic arms, was previously presented by our research group. However, in the previous work, a generic game engine was used to visualize the different models. In this work, the flexible and general control system architecture is integrated with a crane simulator developed by the OSC taking full advantage of the provided domain-consistent simulation tools. The Google Protocol Buffers protocol is adopted to realize the communication protocol. This integration establishes the base for the research of alternative control algorithms, which can be efficiently tested in a realistic maritime simulation environment. As a validating case study, an alternative control method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) is also presented. Related simulations are carried out to validate the efficiency of the proposed integration.
关键词： crane simulator,system integration,Control architecture
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59