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High‐Resolution Inkjet Printing of Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Microdiode Arrays
摘要： The direct printing of microscale quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) is a cost-effective alternative to the placement of pre-formed LEDs. The quality of printed QLEDs currently is limited by nonuniformities in droplet formation, wetting, and drying during inkjet printing. Here, optimal ink formulation which can suppress nonuniformities at the pixel and array levels is demonstrated. A solvent mixture is used to tune the ejected droplet size, ensure wetting, and provoke Marangoni flows that prevent coffee stain rings. Arrays of green QLED devices are printed at a resolution of 500 pixels in.?1 with a maximum luminance of ≈3000 cd m?2 and a peak current efficiency of 2.8 cd A?1. The resulting array quality is sufficient to print displays at state-of-the-art resolutions.
关键词： light-emitting diodes,quantum dots,uniform pixel arrays,inkjet printing,high resolution
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Modern Manufacturing Processes || Selective Laser Sintering
摘要： Selective laser sintering (SLS), developed and patented at the University of Texas at Austin in the mid‐1980s, is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology used to produce three‐dimensional (3D) physical objects, layer by layer, from computer‐aided design (CAD) models. The technology is based on a laser beam that selectively irradiates and sinters consecutive layers of material, in powder form, to obtain a specific 3D product. Therefore, any powder material capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation could be used in the SLS process to manufacture final parts or products. SLS, considered one of the most important AM manufacturing processes, may shorten the manufacturing cycle time, reducing production costs and promoting competitiveness, compared to traditional technologies.
关键词： 3D Printing,Powder Material,Selective Laser Sintering,Laser Beam,Additive Manufacturing
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Advances in Inkjet‐Printed Metal‐Halide Perovskite Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices
摘要： Inkjet-printing (IJP) has evolved over the last 30 years into a reliable, versatile and cost-effective industrial production technology in many areas from graphics to printed electronic applications. Intensive research efforts have led to the successful development of functional electronic inks to realize printed circuit boards, sensors, lighting, actuators, energy storage and power generation devices. Recently, a promising solution-processable material class has entered the stage: metal halide perovskites (MHP). Within just ten years of research, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on a laboratory scale increased to over 25%. Despite the complex nature of MHPs, significant progress has also been made in controlling film formation in terms of ink development, substrate wetting behavior and crystallization processes of inkjet-printed MHPs. This results in highly efficient inkjet-printed PSCs with a PCE of almost 21%, paving the way for cost-effective and highly efficient thin film solar cell technology. In addition, the excellent optoelectronic properties of inkjet-printed MHPs achieve remarkable results in photodetectors, X-ray detectors and illumination applications. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art and recent advances in the production of inkjet-printed MHPs for highly efficient and innovative optoelectronic devices.
关键词： additive manufacturing,optoelectronic,perovskite,inkjet printing,light emitting devices,solar cells
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Continuously Tunable Acoustic Metasurface for Transmitted Wavefront Modulation
摘要： Previously reported acoustic metasurfaces consisting of fixed channels are untunable to meet broadband requirements and alterable functionalities. To overcome this limitation, we propose a screw-and-nut mechanism of tunability and design a type of continuously tunable acoustic metasurface with unit components of helical cylinders which are screwed into a plate. The spiral channel length can be tuned continuously by the screwed depth, and thus a metasurface with a continuously tunable acoustic phase of independent pixels is attained. Different distributions of the unit components can form an arbitrary metasurface profile. We also develop an approximate equivalent medium model to predict the tunability of the unit component. As an example, we present the design details of a circular tunable metasurface for three-dimensional (3D) adjustable broadband acoustic focusing of different airborne sound sources in a wide frequency range. A sample of the metasurface is manufactured by polylactic acid plastic with 3D-printed helical cylinders. Experiments of the adjustable acoustic focusing are performed to validate the equivalent medium model and the finite element simulation. It is shown that the results of the equivalent medium model, the finite element simulation, and the experiments are in good agreement.
关键词： 3D printing,acoustic metasurface,acoustic focusing,broadband,tunable
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Non-Fullerene Based Printed Organic Photodiodes with High Responsivity and MHz Detection Speed
摘要： Digitally printed organic photodiodes (OPDs) are of great interest for the cost-efficient additive manufacturing of single and multi-device detection systems with full freedom of design. Recently reported high-performance non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) can address the crucial demands of future applications in terms of high operational speed, tunable spectral response as well as device stability. Here, we present the first demonstration of inkjet and aerosol-jet printed OPDs based on the high-performance NFA, IDTBR, in combination with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) exhibiting a spectral response up to the NIR. These digitally printed devices reach record responsivities up to 300 mA/W in the visible and NIR spectrum competing with current commercially available technologies based on Si. Furthermore, their fast dynamic response with cut-off frequencies surpassing 2 MHz outperforms most of the state-of the-art organic photodiodes. The successful process translation from spincoating to printing is highlighted by the marginal loss in performance compared to the reference devices, which reach responsivities of 400mA/W and detection speeds of more than 4 MHz. The achieved high device performance and the industrial relevance of the developed fabrication process provide NFAs with an enormous potential for the development of printed photodetection systems.
关键词： aerosol-jet printing,spectral responsivity,non-fullerene acceptor,inkjet printing,digital printing,organic photodiode
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A Room-Temperature High-Conductivity Metal Printing Paradigm with Visible-Light Projection Lithography
摘要： Fabricating electronic devices require integrating metallic conductors and polymeric insulators in complex structures. Current metal-patterning methods such as evaporation and laser sintering require vacuum, multistep processes, and high temperature during sintering or postannealing to achieve desirable electrical conductivity, which damages low-temperature polymer substrates. Here reports a facile ecofriendly room-temperature metal printing paradigm using visible-light projection lithography. With a particle-free reactive silver ink, photoinduced redox reaction occurs to form metallic silver within designed illuminated regions through a digital mask on substrate with insignificant temperature change (<4 °C). The patterns exhibit remarkably high conductivity achievable at room temperature (2.4 × 107 S m?1, ≈40% of bulk silver conductivity) after simple room-temperature chemical annealing for 1–2 s. The finest silver trace produced reaches 15 μm. Neither extra thermal energy input nor physical mask is required for the entire fabrication process. Metal patterns were printed on various substrates, including polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, Scotch tape, print paper, Si wafer, glass coverslip, and polystyrene. By changing inks, this paradigm can be extended to print various metals and metal–polymer hybrid structures. This method greatly simplifies the metal-patterning process and expands printability and substrate materials, showing huge potential in fabricating microelectronics with one system.
关键词： hybrid material printing,metal patterning,high conductivity,flexible electronics,room-temperature printing
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Water-Based Indium Tin Oxide Nanoparticle Ink for Printed Toluene Vapours Sensor Operating at Room Temperature
摘要： This study is focused on the development of water-based ITO nanoparticle dispersions and ink-jet fabrication methodology of an indium tin oxide (ITO) sensor for room temperature operations. Dimensionless correlations of material-tool-process variables were used to map the printing process and several interpretational frameworks were re-examined. A reduction of the problem to the Newtonian fluid approach was applied for the sake of simplicity. The ink properties as well as the properties of the deposited layers were tested for various nanoparticles loading. High-quality films were prepared and annealed at different temperatures. The best performing material composition, process parameters and post-print treatment conditions were used for preparing the testing sensor devices. Printed specimens were exposed to toluene vapours at room temperature. Good sensitivity, fast responses and recoveries were observed in ambient air although the n-type response mechanism to toluene is influenced by moisture in air and baseline drift was observed. Sensing response inversion was observed in an oxygen and moisture-free N2 atmosphere which is explained by the charge-transfer mechanism between the adsorbent and adsorbate molecules. The sensitivity of the device was slightly better and the response was stable showing no drifts in the protective atmosphere.
关键词： Indium tin oxide,room temperature,inkjet ink,gas sensor,dimensionless number,material printing,nanoparticle
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Exploration on Teaching Methods for Applied Optics Course of Printing Specialty
摘要： Printing engineering is an interdisciplinary specialty which involves a lot of intercross subjects such as optical engineering, information engineering, material science and engineering, mechanical engineering, control science and engineering, computer engineering, software engineering and so on. Nowadays, as those subjects progress, the content of printing engineering specialty is increasingly expanded, which places additional difficulty to the printing engineering education. The applied optics course of printing specialty aims at explaining the fundamental principles of optics which involve in printing-related domain. Therefore, it is of great significance for students to understand the basic imaging rules of the related equipments and thus further understand the whole subject. This study describes our teaching experience for applied optics course in school of printing and packaging, Wuhan University in China. The current teaching problems of the printing specialty as a whole were firstly collected by interview and questionnaire method. Afterwards, basing on the analysis of the problems, the specific teaching methods were proposed. The results showed that the teaching objectives were almost achieved and the vast majority of students were glad to accept such teaching methods.
关键词： printing specialty,teaching method,applied optics,higher education
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Uniform Insulating Properties of Low-Temperature Curable Gate Dielectric for Organic Thin-Film Transistor Arrays on Plastic Substrate
摘要： Achieving a high-resolution display on a plastic substrate requires a to ensure dimensional stability during fabrication process, including the deposition of gate dielectrics. Evaluation platform to confirm the uniform insulating properties of organic dielectric material prior to actual application to organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) arrays was proposed. This test method enabled verification of the suitability of the low-temperature curable dielectric and chemical resistance during fabrication process. A cross-linked poly(hydroxy imide) (PHI) that can be cured at a low temperature of 130°C exhibited stable insulating properties in a large area that sudden breakdown was not observed in an electric field up to 4 MV/cm. Thiophene-thiazole-based copolymer semiconductor was used as an active layer and inkjet-printed. In all the processes, the temperature of the substrate was kept below 130°C, and 4.8-inch electrophoretic display panels on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrate with a resolution of 98 dpi was demonstrated.
关键词： Organic thin-film transistors,Organic gate dielectric,Plastic substrates,Low-temperature process,Polymer semiconductor,Flexible displays,Inkjet printing
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Open Source 3D-printed focussing mechanism for cellphone-based cellular microscopy
摘要： The need to improve access to microscopes in low-resource and educational settings coupled with the global proliferation of camera-enabled cellphones has recently led to an explosion in new developments in portable, low-cost microscopy. The availability of accurate ball lenses has resulted in many variants of van Leeuwenhoek-like microscopes. Combined with cellphones, they have the potential for use as portable microscopes in education and clinics. The need for reproducibility in such applications implies that control over focus is critical. Here, we describe a 3D-printed focussing mechanism based on a rack and pinion mechanism, coupled to a ball lens- based microscope. We quantify the time-stability of the focussing mechanism through an edge-based contrast measure used in autofocus cameras and apply it to ‘thin smear’ blood sample infected with Plasmodium as well as onion skin cells. We show that stability of the z-focus is in the micrometre range. This development could, we believe, serve to further enhance the utility of a low-cost and robust microscope and encourage further developments in field microscopes based on the Open Source principle.
关键词： 3D printing,RBC,microscope,Cellphone
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36