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An All-Optical, Actively Q-Switched Fiber Laser by an Antimonene-Based Optical Modulator
摘要： Q-switched ?ber lasers are of great interest in industrial material processing, nonlinear frequency conversion, spectroscopy etc. However, passive Q-switching possesses drawbacks of degradation and failure of the saturable absorber and the di?culty in accurate modi?cation of the repetition rate. To overcome these issues, active Q-switching that can normally modulate the cavity quality-factor by an externally-driven Q-switcher is in high demand. Herein, an actively Q-switched laser with antimonene-based all-optical modulator is devised based on the high photo-thermal e?ciency (48%) and broadband response in antimonene. It is demonstrated that this actively modulated laser represents all-optically tunable output parameters (e.g., output repetition rate), environmental stability, and easy synchronization. It is anticipated that this actively antimonene-based all-optical modulator with advantages of large modulation depth, low energy consumption, and high conversion e?ciency has great potential in all-optical information processing and pulsed laser engineering.
关键词： actively Q-switching,antimonene,2D materials,all-optical modulators
更新于2025-11-28 14:24:03
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Passively Q-Switched All-Fiber Yb-Doped Lasers Based on Nonlinear Multimode Interference?
摘要： We report a passively Q-switched all-?ber Yb-doped laser using the structure of step-index multimode ?ber and graded-index ?ber (SIMF-GIMF) as a new saturable absorber (SA) based on the nonlinear multimode interference (NL-MMI). Through bending the SA to a certain state, we obtain a stable Q-switched laser operation with the shortest pulse duration of 4.37 μs and a corresponding repetition rate of 147.6 kHz with center at 1,039 nm. The maximum average output power and single pulse energy are recorded to be 2.409 mW and 16.3 nJ, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this paper con?rms experimentally for the ?rst time Q-switched laser operation based on SIMF-GIMF SA in all-?ber lasers. In addition, we also observed unstable Q-switched mode-locking operation. All-?ber lasers based on SIMF-GIMF SA are attractive for practical applications and undergo no damage and performance degradation with time.
关键词： multimode ?bers,all-?ber Yb-doped lasers,Q-switched operation
更新于2025-11-28 14:24:03
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All-fiber polarization interference filter based uniform multiwavelength erbium-doped fiber laser
摘要： We demonstrate a compact and stable room-temperature multiwavelength erbium doped fiber laser by employing 45° tilted fiber gratings based on an all-fiber polarization interference filter. Benefiting from the filter, the channel number, linewidth, uniformity and stabilization of the multiwavelength laser are greatly improved. The filter also works as a functional polarizing device in a nonlinear polarization rotation, leading to the multiwavelength operation. Instead of a highly nonlinear fiber, the single mode fiber is used to provide enough linearity and to reduce the splice loss. More than 80 wavelengths (within a 3 dB bandwidth), lasing with a linewidth of 0.03 nm and a signal-to-noise ratio of 33 dB, are obtained. The wavelength spacing of 0.164 nm agrees with the channel spacing of the filter, and can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the length of the filter.
关键词： 45° tilted fiber gratings,multiwavelength fiber laser,all-fiber polarization interference filter (AFPIF)
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Enhanced optical Kerr nonlinearity of graphene/Si hybrid waveguide
摘要： In this work, we experimentally study the optical Kerr nonlinearities of graphene/Si hybrid waveguides with enhanced self-phase modulation. In the case of CMOS compatible materials for nonlinear optical signal processing, Si and silicon nitride waveguides have been extensively investigated over the past decade. However, Si waveguides exhibit strong two-photon absorption (TPA) at telecommunication wavelengths, which leads to a signi?cant reduction of the nonlinear ?gure-of-merit (FOM). In contrast, a silicon nitride based material system usually suppresses the TPA but simultaneously leads to the reduction of Kerr nonlinearity by one order of magnitude. Here, we introduce a graphene/Si hybrid waveguide, which maintains the optical properties and CMOS compatibility of Si waveguides, while enhancing the Kerr nonlinearity, by transferring over to the top of the waveguides. The graphene/Si waveguides are measured to have an enhanced nonlinear parameter of 510 W(cid:2)1 m(cid:2)1, compared with that of the Si waveguide of 150 W(cid:2)1 m(cid:2)1. An enhanced nonlinear FOM of 2.48 6 0.25 has been achieved, which is four times larger than that of the Si waveguide of 0.6 6 0.1. This work reveals the potential application of graphene/Si hybrid waveguides with high Kerr nonlinearity and FOM for nonlinear all-optical signal processing.
关键词： nonlinear all-optical signal processing,graphene/Si hybrid waveguide,optical Kerr nonlinearity,CMOS compatible,self-phase modulation
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Robust 1.7-μm, all-polarization-maintaining femtosecond fiber laser source based on standard telecom fibers
摘要： We demonstrate a compact 1.7-μm all-polarization-maintaining (PM) ultrafast fiber laser source, which employs soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) in an optical fiber as the dominant spectral-shifting mechanism. The laser generates stable pulses with 384 fs pulse width and 102 MHz repetition rate centered at 1.7 μm with 7 nm spectral bandwidth. The average power is about 35 mW with a high conversion efficiency of 66 %. The measured root mean square (RMS) output power stability over 10 hours is as low as 0.22 %. Both experimental and simulation results demonstrate that this laser has a potential to improving multiphoton imaging depth.
关键词： all-polarization-maintaining,multiphoton imaging,femtosecond fiber laser,soliton self-frequency shift,1.7-μm
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Active ring resonance cavity assisted single-mode all-optical microwave oscillator
摘要： A pure optical microwave oscillator with single mode oscillation is proposed and demonstrated. This system has no any electrical microwave devices as well as electro-optic (E/O) and opto-electronic (O/E) conversion. The oscillation frequency is chosen by Brillouin-selective sideband amplification, and the optical envelope detection and feedback modulation are implemented by a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). As a high-Q tunable optical comb filter, an active ring resonance cavity (ARRC) is employed to select one oscillation mode within the Brillouin gain region, and consequently a single mode oscillation signal can be generated. In the experiment, a single mode photonic microwave signal with frequency of 10.83 GHz and side-mode suppression ratio of 48 dB is obtained. The measured phase noise is ?88 dBc/Hz@10 kHz. In addition, the tunability is also demonstrated by adjusting the wavelength of the light source.
关键词： Microwave photonics,SBS,All-optical microwave oscillator
更新于2025-11-28 14:23:57
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Simvastatin Protects Photoreceptors from all-trans-retinal Induced Oxidative Stress with Up-regulation of Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein
摘要： Background and Purpose Simvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor with multiple targets and effects. It protects neurons in the brain but its protective effects on photoreceptors are unclear. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of simvastatin on photoreceptors exposed to stress induced by all-trans-retinal (atRAL). Experimental approach AlamarBlue and lactate dehydrogenase assays were used to evaluate the viability and metabolic activity of Y79 cells (a retinoblastoma cell line) exposed to atRAL-induced stress with or without simvastatin pre-treatment. Changes in cellular reactive oxygen species were evaluated using flow cytometry and mitochondrial stress markers JC-1 and HSP60. Changes in levels of the photoreceptor-specific markers cone-rod homeobox protein (CRX) and Interphotoreceptor Retinoid Binding Protein (IRBP) were evaluated with Western blotting. The results were validated in ex vivo human retinal explants and a mouse model of photoreceptor degeneration. Key results Simvastatin improved mitochondrial function, alleviated oxidative stress and upregulated the photoreceptor specific markers IRBP and its upstream regulator CRX in Y79 cells and ex vivo human retinal explants under atRAL-induced stress. Simvastatin attenuated photoreceptor degeneration in association with upregulation of IRBP and CRX expression after knockdown of IRBP in a murine model. Conclusion and implications Our findings suggest that simvastatin has a novel role in protecting photoreceptors from atRAL-induced stress. Simvastatin treatment resulted in upregulation of IRBP and its upstream transcription factor CRX in Y79 cells, ex vivo human retinal explants and murine retinas in vivo. Further studies of simvastatin to treat photoreceptor degeneration are warranted.
关键词： photoreceptors,IRBP,CRX,oxidative stress,all-trans-retinal,Simvastatin
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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In Situ Enzyme Immobilization with Oxygen‐Sensitive Luminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks to Realize “All‐in‐One” Multifunctions
摘要： Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for enzyme immobilization have already shown superior tunable and designable characteristics, however, their devisable responsive properties have rarely been exploited. Herein, we integrated a responsive MOF into MOF-enzyme composite to propose an “all-in-one” multifunctional composite with catalytic and luminescence functions implemented within a single particle. As a proof-of-concept, glucose oxidase (GOx) was in situ encapsulated within an oxygen (O2)-sensitive, noble-metal-free luminescent Cu(I) triazolate framework (MAF-2), namely GOx@MAF-2. Owing to the rigid scaffold of MAF-2 and the confinement effect, the GOx@MAF-2 composite showed significantly improved stability (shelf life to 60 days and heat-resistance up to 80 oC) with good selectivity and recyclability. More importantly, the integration of the O2-sensitivity of MAF-2 allowed the GOx@MAF-2 composite rapidly and reversibly response toward dissolved O2, which realized direct and ratiometric sensing of glucose without the needs of chromogenic substrates, cascade enzymatic reactions or electrode system. A high sensitivity with a detection limit of 1.4 μM glucose was achieved, and the glucose in human sera was accurately determined. The strategy opens a new application of MOFs and can be facilely extended to various MOF-enzyme composites due to the multifunctionality of MOFs.
关键词： enzyme immobilization,metal-organic frameworks,all-in-one multifunctions,glucose detection,fluorometric sensor
更新于2025-11-21 11:08:12
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Highly Stretchable, High‐Mobility, Free‐Standing All‐Organic Transistors Modulated by Solid‐State Elastomer Electrolytes
摘要： Highly stretchable, high-mobility, and free-standing coplanar-type all-organic transistors based on deformable solid-state elastomer electrolytes are demonstrated using ionic thermoplastic polyurethane (i-TPU), thereby showing high reliability under mechanical stimuli as well as low-voltage operation. Unlike conventional ionic dielectrics, the i-TPU electrolyte prepared herein has remarkable characteristics, i.e., a large specific capacitance of 5.5 μF cm?2, despite the low weight ratio (20 wt%) of the ionic liquid, high transparency, and even stretchability. These i-TPU-based organic transistors exhibit a mobility as high as 7.9 cm2 V?1 s?1, high bendability (Rc, radius of curvature: 7.2 mm), and good stretchability (60% tensile strain). Moreover, they are suitable for low-voltage operation (VDS = ?1.0 V, VGS = ?2.5 V). In addition, the electrical characteristics such as mobility, on-current, and threshold voltage are maintained even in the concave and convex bending state (bending tensile strain of ≈3.4%), respectively. Finally, free-standing, fully stretchable, and semi-transparent coplanar-type all-organic transistors can be fabricated by introducing a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonic acid layer as source/drain and gate electrodes, thus achieving low-voltage operation (VDS = ?1.5 V, VGS = ?2.5 V) and an even higher mobility of up to 17.8 cm2 V?1 s?1. Moreover, these devices withstand stretching up to 80% tensile strain.
关键词： free-standing all-organic transistors,stretchable and conformal electronics,high-mobility,elastomer electrolyte,low-voltage operation
更新于2025-11-14 17:28:48
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A microfluidic all-vanadium photoelectrochemical cell with the N-doped TiO2 photoanode for enhancing the solar energy storage
摘要： In this work, the nitrogen-doped TiO2 photocatalyst is synthesized and applied in a microfluidic all-vanadium photoelectrochemical cell for enhancing the solar energy storage. The use of the nitrogen-doped TiO2 photoanode and the minimization design can ensure the visible-light response, increased specific surface area, vigorous pore structure and enhanced photon and mass transport as well as more uniform light distribution. Various characterizations are performed to evaluate the developed photocatalyst and microfluidic all-vanadium photoelectrochemical cell. The results confirm that the developed nitrogen-doped TiO2 photoanode can provide both the extended absorption spectrum and the small anatase crystal size as well as the obviously enlarged specific surface area with plentiful pore structure. Because of these merits, the microfluidic all-vanadium photoelectrochemical cell with the nitrogen-doped TiO2 photoanode yield the average photocurrent density of 0.103 mA/cm2 during the long-term operation, which is much higher than those with the un-doped TiO2 photoanode (0.086 mA/cm2) and commercial P25 TiO2 photoanode (0.073 mA/cm2), presenting 19.8% and 41% improvements, respectively. The results demonstrate not only the promotion of the vanadium reversible redox pairs conversion but also the inherently excellent stability by the nitrogen-doped TiO2 photoanode.
关键词： Photoanode,N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst,Conversion rate,Microfluidic all-vanadium photoelectrochemical cell,Solar energy storage
更新于2025-11-14 17:03:37