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The role of cation and anion dopant incorporated into a ZnO electron transporting layer for polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells
摘要： Doping is a widely-implemented strategy for enhancing the inherent electronic properties of charge transport layers in photovoltaic devices. A facile solution-processed zinc oxide (ZnO) and various cation and anion-doped ZnO layers were synthesized via the sol–gel method and employed as electron transport layers (ETLs) for inverted polymer solar cells (PSCs). The results indicated that all PSCs with doped ZnO ETLs exhibited better photovoltaic performance compared with the PSCs with a pristine ZnO ETL. By exploring the role of various anion and cation dopants (three compounds with the same Al3+ cation: Al(acac)3, Al(NO3)3, AlCl3 and three compounds with the same Cl? anion: NH4Cl, MgCl2, AlCl3), we found that the work function changed to favor electronic extraction only when the Cl anion was involved. In addition, the conductivity of ZnO was enhanced more with the Al3+ cation. Therefore, in inverted solar cells, doping with Al3+ and Cl? delivered the best power conversion efficiency (PCE). The maximum PCE of 10.38% was achieved from the device with ZnO doped with Al+ and Cl?.
关键词： electron transport layers,Al3+ cation,polymer solar cells,doping,Cl? anion,photovoltaic performance,power conversion efficiency,sol–gel method,zinc oxide
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Anthracene- and pyrene-bearing imidazoles as turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for aluminum ion in living cells
摘要： A newly designed 2-(2-Aminophenyl)-1H-benzimidazole integrated anthracene/pyrene derivatives as efficient chemosensors were synthesized. The probes N-(anthracen-9-ylmethylene)-2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aniline (ANP) and N-(pyren-1-ylmethylene)-2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-aniline (PYP) exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity towards Al3+ ion over other interfering and competing cations in aqueous solution. Job’s plot analysis reveals that the interaction of ANP/PYP with Al3+ was 1:1 binding stoichiometry. The detection limit of probes ANP and PYP for Al3+ ions were found to be 1.85 × 10-7 M and 1.08 × 10-7 M, respectively. The DFT/TD-DFT calculations have also been revealed that the ICT mechanism is responsible for the observed photophysical changes. Moreover, the probes ANP and PYP were applicable to image intracellular Al3+ ions in living cells via confocal fluorescence microscopy technique.
关键词： Pyrene,Al3+ imaging,ICT mechanism,Turn-on chemosensor,Anthracene
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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A novel crown ether-acylhydrazone turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for Al3+ ion
摘要： A novel fluorescent chemosensor based on crown ether-acylhydrazone (L) was synthesized and characterized. The sensor L exhibited high selectivity and sensitive recognition towards Al3+ through a significant “turn-on” fluorescence response at 444 nm in methanol solution. While, other competitive ions had no such significant effects on the fluorescence emission. The associated spectra behavior might be attributed to the formation of 2:1 L-Al3+ complex and the proposed binding mode of L-Al3+ was demonstrated by the fluorescence titration profiles, Job’s plot, ESI-MS spectrometry, 1H NMR titration and the IR analysis. Besides the high reproducibility of the optical signals, very low detection limit of 0.24 μM was calculated. The association constant (Ks) for L-Al3+ complex was about 5.56×109 ± 8.19×107 M-2. The results of various experiments showed the sensor L followed a turn-on mechanism via of the suppression of C=N isomerization and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process and the activation of chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF). Theoretical calculations using DFT/B3LYP method was also used to get insight into the sensing mechanism and electronic structure of L. The sensor L could be conceived as an effective and practical fluorescent chemosensor for determination of Al3+.
关键词： chemosensor,binding mode,Al3+,synthesis,crown ether-acylhydrazone
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Development of 1,2- and 1,3-Ketohydrazones Derived Rhodamine Chromophores Sensitive to Metal Ions and pH
摘要： New Rhodamine derivatives were developed from ketohydrazones. 2,4-Pentanedione and 1,3-cyclohexanedione condensation of rhodamine-hydrazine afforded a stable enol hydrazone and enamine rhodamines via equilibrium shifts. Enamine rhodamine exhibited strong pH sensitivity. 2-Cyclohexanedione rhodamine emitted a strong fluorescence as a selective Al3+ sensing probe. The binding constants of the enol hydrazone rhodamine were 2.0 × 104 M?1 (Al3+) and 5.4 × 104 (Cu2+).
关键词： Rhodamine Chemosensor,Al3+ Detection,Ketohydrazone,Fluorescence
更新于2025-09-09 09:28:46
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A novel OFF-ON-OFF fluorescence probe based on coumarin for Al3+ and F? detection and bioimaging in living cells
摘要： A novel fluorescence probe L2 based on coumarin has been designed and synthesized. The probe L2 can be used for relay recognition of metal ions Al3+ and anion F? in the aqueous HEPES buffer (0.05 M, pH=7.4), and build a OFF-ON-OFF detection system. The probe showed high selectivity and sensitivity to target ions in the process of relay recognition, and the corresponding detection limit could be as low as 0.014 μM (Al3+) and 0.03 μM (F?). Besides, the geometry optimizations of probe L2 and [L2+Al3+] complex were carried out using the Gaussian 16 program based on DFT, and the identification mechanism of the probe was also discussed by the mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations. Moreover, the probe have also been successfully applied to detection of target ions in living cells.
关键词： Al3+,coumarin,Fluorescence probe,cell imaging,F?
更新于2025-09-04 15:30:14