- 标题
- 摘要
- 关键词
- 实验方案
- 产品
-
Application of Photovoltaic Radar Target Simulator Using Neural Networks
摘要： This paper discusses photovoltaic radar target simulator using NN, which provides a virtual simulation test environment for photovoltaic radar. A description of the controller architecture and associated stability analysis is given, followed by a more in-depth look at its application to a tiltrotor aircraft. Finally, it is proved that the control process of the photovoltaic simulator has superior performance and expected effect.
关键词： NN,simulator,radar,application
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Flat concentrator photovoltaic system for automotive applications
摘要： In this paper, we present a novel design and an optical simulation of a ?at concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system for electric vehicle application. The sunlight concentration component is comprised of a planar waveguide integrated dichroic mirror-coated cone prisms and a mirror-coated lens array. Sunlight re?ects ?rstly at the mirror-coated lens array and then strikes the cone prism of the planar waveguide. The prisms are coated by the dichroic mirrors to divide the solar spectrum into two bands. The low-energy band is transmitted and reaches the GaInAsP/GaInAs dual-junction solar cells. The mid-energy band is re?ected at the prism surface and coupled inside the waveguide. The exit port of the waveguide is attached with GaInP/GaAs dual-junction solar cells. The simulation results demonstrated a maximum electricity conversion e?ciency of 32.88% at the high con- centration ratio. The system thickness is 35 mm, which is as thin as the conventional ?at photovoltaic panel and system allow for a lateral sun-tracking mechanism. This is suitable for installation on the vehicle's roof. The results showed that the presented ?at CPV system is a new approach for a highly e?cient application of solar energy to the electrical vehicle.
关键词： Automotive application,Photovoltaic system,Flat concentrator photovoltaic (CPV),Lateral sun-tracking,Planar waveguide
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Spectral characteristics of underwater laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy at high pressure conditions
摘要： Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been proven to be an attractive technique for the in-situ oceanic applications. However, when applying LIBS into deep-sea, the pressure effect caused by different ocean depth is inescapable and could have great influence on the LIBS signals. In this work, spectral characteristics of underwater LIBS were investigated as a function of pressure in the range of 0.1–45 MPa. A high-pressure chamber built in the laboratory was used to simulate the high-pressure environment of deep-sea. Optimal laser energy and detection delay were first determined under different pressure conditions and were shown to be independent on the external pressure. The increase in pressure has a significant impact both on the peak intensity and line broadening of the observed spectra. The peak intensity of Na, Li and K lines increases with the increasing pressure until a maximum intensity reached at 12.5 MPa. Above this value, the peak intensity decreases gradually up to 45 MPa. For Ca line, the maximum intensity was observed at 30 MPa. The line broadening keeps constant at low pressures from 0.1 to 10 MPa while it increases linearly at higher pressures, indicating a higher electron density caused by the compression effect of the high external pressure. We also compared the spectral data obtained from the high-pressure chamber and from the field sea trials, and the good consistency between the laboratory data and sea-trial data suggested the key role of pressure effect on underwater LIBS signals for the practical deep-sea applications.
关键词： high-pressure chamber,underwater laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,deep-sea application,pressure effect,spectral characteristics
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
[IEEE IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society - Lisbon, Portugal (2019.10.14-2019.10.17)] IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society - Coupled-Inductor-Based Differential Boost Inverter with Wide Input Voltage Range for Photovoltaic Generation Applications
摘要： The differential boost inverter has been widely used as a microinverter for the renewable distributed generations as it achieves an ac voltage with amplitude larger than the dc input. However, the unlimited voltage gain of the boost inverter is practically unachievable due to the existence of the parasitic resistance of the input inductor, which narrows the input voltage range and distorts the output voltage waveform as the turn-on duty ratio of the power switches approaches unity. To solve this problem, a novel coupled-inductor-based differential boost inverter is proposed, which uses a two-winding or three-winding coupled inductor to enhanced voltage gain. As a result, the input voltage range of the proposed inverter is significantly widened, facilitating grid-connected applications with a very low dc input voltage, compatible to the outputs of most PV panels. Moreover, the leakage inductance energy of the coupled inductor is recycled with voltages across the power switches clamped to the dc link capacitor by using a lossless diode. A prototype with 30 V dc input, 155 V ac output, nominal power 200 W, was built, which achieves a high voltage-boost, while keeping relatively low voltages stresses on the semiconductor devices.
关键词： coupled-inductor boost inverter,PV generation application,leakage inductance effect,high voltage gain
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Tailoring optical transmittance of polyvinyl alcohol by FeCl3-doping for photovoltaic application
摘要： In this paper, solid ?lms of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) complexed with di?erent concentration of FeCl3 have been successfully synthesized. X-ray di?raction showed that a drop in the crystallinity of PVA with FeCl3. UV-Vis spectra show that FeCl3 remarkably enhances UV absorption of PVA, indicating a reduction of optical band gap (OBG). This led to the assumption that increased UV absorption can be assigned to an in?uence of FeCl3 on PVA synthesis. In addition, OBG study shows decrements in the values of direct band gap and indirect band gap with FeCl3 content. These results led to conclude that FeCl3 doped PVA ?lms are good candidates in the packaging community and photovoltaic application.
关键词： photovoltaic application,optical transmittance,polyvinyl alcohol,FeCl3
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Effect of adjacent shading on the energy and environmental performance of photovoltaic glazing system in building application
摘要： Photovoltaic (PV) system is a commonly adopted renewable energy system in building application. In most of the assessments on PV system, there is no consideration on adjacent shading effect cast by surrounding buildings which may lead to over-estimation of PV energy generation and inaccurate calculation of energy payback time (EPBT). This paper investigates the effect of adjacent shading on energy generation and EPBT of PV system. A survey had been conducted to identify and select 25 existing commercial buildings with different degrees of adjacent shading (expressed in terms of sky view factors (SVF), ranging from 0.16 to 0.95) and orientations. Through computer simulations using EnergyPlus, it reveals the significance of adjacent shading effect on the PV energy generation as well as EPBT of building-integrated PV glazing system for the 25 selected buildings, in terms of two ratios, namely PV electricity energy ratio (0.18e0.84) and energy payback time ratio (1.17e5.74). Moreover, a correlation between SVF and PV electricity energy ratio was established (PVEE Ratio ? 0.3867 SVF2 t 0.4176 SVF t 0.0975) with which building professionals can evaluate the PV energy generated and EPBT of a building-integrated PV glazing system in building application, under adjacent shading effect.
关键词： Adjacent shading effect,Sky view factor,Photovoltaic system in building application,Embodied energy in photovoltaic system,Energy payback time
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
OVERSIZED CIRCULAR CORRUGATED WAVEGUIDES OPERATED AT 42 GHZ FOR ECRH APPLICATION
摘要： The design, analysis, and manufacturing of an oversized circular metallic corrugated waveguide with rectangular and square grooves for transmitting power from gyrotron to tokamak or dummy load have been carried out. To carry high power at millimeter wave with lower transmission loss, a corrugated waveguide is preferred. A corrugated waveguide with HE11 mode gives lower attenuation than a smooth circular waveguide with TE11 mode. The theory behind the depth and width selection of corrugations required to carry the linearly polarized (HE11) mode is explained in this paper. The proposed structures are designed and simulated in CST microwave studio software. Rectangular and square groove circular corrugated waveguides each having a length of 500 mm were fabricated and tested using ZVA50 vector network analyzer. Based on performance results, it is derived that the square groove corrugated waveguide gives lower insertion loss of 0.08 dB/meter than rectangular groove corrugated waveguide which gives insertion loss of 0.11 dB/meter.
关键词： ZVA50 vector network analyzer,ECRH application,insertion loss,oversized circular corrugated waveguides,CST microwave studio,HE11 mode
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Comparison of Currenta??Voltage Response to Diagnostic X-rays of Five Light-Emitting Diode Strips
摘要： Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have miscellaneous applications owing to their low cost, small size, flexibility, and commercial availability. Furthermore, LEDs have dual applicability as light emitters and detectors. This study explores the current–voltage (C–V) response of LED strips exposed to diagnostic x-rays. Cold white, warm white, red, green, and blue LED strip colors were tested. Each strip consisted of 12 LED chips and was connected to a multimeter. The variable diagnostic x-ray parameters evaluated were kilovoltage peak (kVp), milliampere-seconds (mAs), and source-to-image distance (SID). The radiation dose was also measured using a dosimeter simultaneously exposed to x-rays perpendicularly incident on the strips. Lastly, the consistency of C–V responses, and any possible degradation after 1–2 months was also analyzed. Each LED strip color was ranked according to its C–V response in each of the investigated parameters. The LED strip color with the best cumulative rank across all the tested parameters was then examined for reproducibility. Our findings revealed that the C–V responses of LED strips are (a) generally low but measurable, (b) inconsistent and fluctuating as a consequence of kVp variations, (c) positively correlated to mAs, (d) negatively correlated to SID, and (e) positively correlated to dose. Overall results suggested cold white LED strip as most feasible for x-ray detection—in comparison to examined colors. Additionally, the reproducibility study using the cold white LED strip found a similar trend of C–V response to all variables except kVp. Outcomes indicate that LED strips have the potential to be exploited for detecting low dose (~0–100 mGy) diagnostic x-rays. However, future studies should be carried out to increase the low C–V signal.
关键词： LED strip,photonic device,radiation-induced signal,application of LEDs,C–V Response,diagnostic x-rays
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Amplification of Radiation-Induced Signal of LED Strip by Increasing Number of LED Chips and Using Amplifier Board
摘要： Transducers, such as photodiodes, phototransistors, and photovoltaic cells are promising radiation detectors. However, for accurate radiation detection and dosimetry, signals that emanate from these devices have to be sufficient to facilitate accurate calibrations, i.e., assigning a quantity of radiation dose to a specific magnitude of the signal. More so, purposely fabricated for luminescence, LEDs produce significantly low signals during radiation detection applications. Therefore, this paper investigates the enhancement and augmentation of photovoltaic signals that were generated when LED strips were being exposed to diagnostic X-rays. Initially, signal amplification was achieved through increasing the effective LED active area (from 60 to 120 chips); by successively connecting LED strips. Further, signal amplification was undertaken by injecting the raw LED strip signal into an amplifier board with adjustable gains. In both the signal amplification techniques, the tube voltage (kVp), tube current-time product (mAs), and source-to-detector distance (SDD) were varied. The principal findings show that effective active area-based signal amplifications produced an overall average of 91.16% signal enhancement throughout all of the X-ray parameter variations. On the other hand, the amplifier board produced an average of 36.48% signal enhancement for the signals that were injected into it. Chip number increment-based signal amplifications had a 0.687% less coefficient of variation than amplifier board signal amplifications. The amplifier board signal amplifications were impaired by factors, such as dark currents, amplifier board maximum operational output voltage, and saturation. Therefore, future electronic signal amplification could use amplifier boards having low dark currents and high operational voltage headroom. The low-cost and simplicity that are associated with active-area amplification could be further exploited in a hybrid amplification technique with electronic amplification and scintillators.
关键词： tube current-time product (mAs),application of LEDs,amplifier board,LED active area,source-to-detector distance (SDD),diagnostic X-rays,tube voltage (kVp)
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
-
Numerical Simulation of GaAs Solar Cell Aging Under Electron and Proton Irradiation
摘要： Though gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cells are proven to be relatively stable in space working conditions, they are prone to the effects of aging, which deteriorate their characteristics. The lifetime of solar cells is restricted by the degree of radiation damage that they receive. This important factor affects the performance of solar cells in practical applications. The aim of this article is to investigate by numerical simulation on the influence of aging on the main characteristics of GaAs solar cells in the space. Degradations of the electrical characteristics are simulated for over a period of 15 years. The atmosphere (AM0) conversion efficiency decreases with time from 19.08% for the unirradiated cells to 10.38% in 15 years of the mission in space. Even with low doses of particle irradiation, the performance is significantly reduced subsequent to usage over the period of 15 years of the mission in space. Numerical simulation results also reveal that the short-circuit current, the open-circuit voltage, and the conversion efficiency decline gradually with time. Moreover, the calculated evolutions are in good agreement with the measured behaviors of GaAs-based solar cells embedded in geostationary satellites during the Navigation Technology Satellite 2 (NTS-2), the Engineering Test Satellite V (ETS-V), and the NAVigation Satellite Timing And Ranging (NAVSTAR) missions, which substantiate the introduced aging law accounting for both the cumulated doses of particles and the different electron and hole traps in the structure.
关键词： space application,model,Degradation,gallium arsenide (GaAs) solar cell
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22