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High production-yield solid-state carbon dots with tunable photoluminescence for white/multi-color light-emitting diodes
摘要： Plastic waste is generally resistant to natural degradation and has become a major environmental pollution problem globally. The pollution of ecosystems seriously affects the health and survival of organisms, including humans. Much attention has been paid to finding suitable ways to convert plastic waste into high-value-added carbon materials. To this end, we report the high production yield (60%–85%) of carbon dots (CDs) for solid-state fluorescence (SSF) obtained by a one-step solvothermal method using waste expanded polystyrene as the precursor. The SSF mechanism of the CDs was also explored. Their emission wavelength, with a large full width at half maximum of 150–200 nm, exhibited tunable photoluminescence from white to yellow and orange. CDs powder was used to fabricate single-component white and multi-colour light-emitting diodes on UV chips. Overall, plastic waste was converted into tunable solid-state fluorescent CDs powder, which has promising applications in carbon-based lighting, by a simple solvothermal method that provides a viable method for recycling plastic waste.
关键词： High production yield,Light-emitting dots,Solid-state fluorescence,Carbon dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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A 3D net-like structured fluorescent aerogel based on carboxy-methylated cellulose nanofibrils and carbon dots for a highly effective adsorbent and sensitive optical sensor of Cr(VI)
摘要： To effectively detect and remove Cr(VI) from aqueous solution, a 3D net-like structured fluorescent aerogel was designed and synthesized using highly photoluminescent carbon dots (CDs) and renewable natural carboxy-methylated cellulose nanofibrils (CM-CNF). The surface morphology, microstructure, chemical elements and fluorescence properties of this novel aerogel were studied. Sorption experiments were designed to investigate the sorption properties of Cr(VI) onto this fluorescent aerogel. The adsorption process was described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich model, and the maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) reached 433.5 mg g–1. Furthermore, this novel aerogel emitted bright blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 11.8 % when applied to Cr(VI) sensing, and a good linear relationship between the quantum yield and Cr(VI) concentration was demonstrated. Accordingly, this novel 3D net-like structured fluorescent aerogel should be a promising smart sorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) with advantages of the 3D net-like structure and rich functional groups that accelerate Cr(VI) sorption and the wrapped fluorescent probe that improves Cr(VI) sensing.
关键词： optical sensor,Cr(VI) removal,3D net-like structured fluorescent aerogel,carboxy-methylated cellulose nanofibrils,carbon dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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N,S-self-doped carbon quantum dots from fungus fibers for sensing tetracyclines and for bioimaging cancer cells
摘要： In this work, nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped carbon quantum dots (N,S-CDs) from naturally renewable bio-material fungus fibers were prepared by a biosynthesis and hydrothermal method. The N,S-CDs displayed good water solubility, excellent stability, high quantum yield (QY = 28.11%) as well as remarkable features for fluorescence quenching-based detection and cellular imaging of cancer cells. It was worth mentioning that the heteroatoms doped carbon quantum dots made from the fungus fibers had a satisfactory QY and could be used as a selective, efficient, and sensitive fluorescent probe to determine tetracyclines by the synergistic effects of static quenching and internal filtration effect. The probe demonstrated a wide linear range and low detection limit. For tetracycline, the linear range was 0.5 μM to 47.6 μM, and the corresponding detection limit was 15.6 nM. Significantly, the test papers prepared by using N,S-CDs could detect tetracyclines in aquiculture wastewater rapidly. The produced N,S-CDs did not affect the cell viability and showed great promises for cellular imaging.
关键词： Biosynthesis,Cellular imaging,Tetracyclines,Fungus fibers,N,S-self-doped carbon dots
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Application of carbon dots in dye‐sensitized solar cells: A review
摘要： Carbon dots (CDs) are a kind of zero-dimensional carbon-based nanoparticles with superb light-trapping ability, high optical absorption ability, and superior intrinsic catalytic activity. Due to these advantageous properties, they have received enthusiastic attention from researchers in the field of optical devices. The application of carbon dots in dye-sensitized solar cells has increased with steady steps recently, especially as a substitute for precious Ru-sensitizers and Pt counter electrodes. In this review, we classified the application of carbon dots in dye-sensitized solar cells in recent years and explained the mechanisms of improving the performance of carbon dots. The significant impact of surface functionalization of CDs on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells was discussed. Lastly, some challenges and application prospects of carbon dots in the dye-sensitized solar cell were proposed, which is meaningful for the further exploration and application of carbon dots as a new energy material.
关键词： sensitizer,counter electrode,carbon dots,surface functionalization,dye-sensitized solar cells
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Development of an anti-CD45RA-quantum dots conjugated scFv to detect leukemic cancer stem cells
摘要： Leukemic cancer stem cells (LSCs), aberrantly overexpressing CD45RA are among the major causes of relapse following chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and serve as a highly sensitive marker for predicting relapse occurrence following chemotherapy. The main purpose of current study was to develop a sensitive approach for detecting LSCs based on a conjugate of an anti-CD45 scFv and quantum dot. The variable light and heavy chain sequences of a recently developed anti-CD45RA monoclonal antibody were derived from hybridoma cells and PCR amplified to construct scFv. Following insertion of scFv gene into a pET32a-lic vector and expression in Escherichia coli and purification, the purified scFv, was conjugated with carbon dots (C dots) and used for the detection of CD45RA +cells while CD45RA-cells served as negative control. Subsequently, Functional activity of the conjugate was analyzed by flow cytometry and ICC to detect the cell surface antigen binding and detection ability. Based on results, purified CD45RA scFv conjugated C dots could specifically recognize CD45RA positive cells, but not any CD45RA negative ones. In conclusion, here we developed a low-cost but very efficient approach for detection of CD45RA positive cells including LSCs.
关键词： CD45RA,Leukemic cancer stem cell,scFv,AML,Carbon dots,Conjugation
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Energy Level Modification with Carbon Dot Interlayers Enables Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells and Quantum Dot Based Lighta??Emitting Diodes
摘要： Controlling the transport and minimizing charge carrier trapping at interfaces is crucial for the performance of various optoelectronic devices. Here, how electronic properties of stable, abundant, and easy-to-synthesized carbon dots (CDs) are controlled via the surface chemistry through a chosen ratio of their precursors citric acid and ethylenediamine are demonstrated. This allows to adjust the work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) films over the broad range of 1.57 eV, through deposition of thin CD layers. CD modifiers with abundant amine groups reduce the ITO work function from 4.64 to 3.42 eV, while those with abundant carboxyl groups increase it to 4.99 eV. Using CDs to modify interfaces between metal oxide (SnO2 and ZnO) films and active layers of solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) allows to significantly improve their performance. Power conversion efficiency of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells increases from 17.3% to 19.5%; the external quantum efficiency of CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dot LEDs increases from 4.8% to 10.3%; and that of CdSe/ZnS quantum dot LEDs increases from 8.1% to 21.9%. As CD films are easily fabricated in air by solution processing, the approach paves the way to a simplified manufacturing of large-area and low-cost optoelectronic devices.
关键词： ITO work function,solar cells,interface engineering,light-emitting diodes,carbon dots
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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ZnCl2 Enabled Synthesis of Highly Crystalline and Emissive Carbon Dots with Exceptional Capability to Generate O2a??a??
摘要： Highly crystalline and emissive carbon dots (CDs) are ?rstly synthesized via an ionothermal method in organic solvents. ZnCl2 is utilized as the pyrolysis-promoting agent to prepare emissive CDs with tunable wavelengths, directly by carbonization from different O and N precursors under a mild reaction condition. Excellent synthetic yield and photoluminescent quantum yield are obtained. The resulting CDs exhibit excellent capability to photogenerate superoxide radical anion (O2 photooxidative cyclization reactions.
关键词： ZnCl2,photodynamic therapy,carbon dots,photocatalysis,ionothermal synthesis
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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High-efficient, spherical and thermal-stable carbon dots@silica fluorescent composite as rare earth-free phosphors for white LED
摘要： This paper reported a facile synthesis path to realize high-luminescent rare-earth-free composite powder, by embedding blue/green-emitting N-doped carbon dots into silica nano-spheres (CD@SiO2). Carbon dots were evenly dispersed in CD@SiO2 composites and eventually the aggregation-induced luminescence quenching is eliminated. Compared to the naked CDs, CD@SiO2 composites exhibit perfectly spherical morphology with average size of ~200 nm, signi?cantly enhanced emission intensity (> 4 times) and better thermal stability (T50 > 150 °C). As-synthesized CD@SiO2 own strong blue/green emission with high quantum e?ciency (QE) over 60%. White LEDs prototypes with promising properties, i.e. CRI = 89.1, CCT = 4850 K and CIE coordinates = (0.3514, 0.3715), were fabricated by combining blue/green CD@SiO2 and red CdTe@CaCO3 composites with NUV chip. All results indicate that these rare-earth-free, mono-dispersed spherical, and thermal-stable composite materials with e?cient blue/green emission could be an exceptional choice as phosphors for LED application.
关键词： Composite phosphors,Silica nano-sphere,Carbon dots,Luminescence,Light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Rapid and green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from starch for white light-emitting diodes
摘要： A simple and green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) was achieved by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method using potato starch as the carbon source. CDs with a maximum quantum yield of 2.46% were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of a 1 mg/mL starch solution at 220 oC for 30 min. Nitrogen doped CDs (N-CDs) were obtained under the same conditions using starch and ethylenediamine as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, and their quantum yield was twice that of the undoped CDs. Both the CDs and N-CDs exhibit excellent water solubility and good thermal stability, emit blue fluorescence under UV light, but the fluorescent intensity of the latter is obviously higher than that of the former. Two white light-emitting diodes using the CD/starch composite and N-CDs as the phosphors emit yellowish white light and white light, respectively with xy coordinates of (0.38, 0.45) and (0.33, 0.35) in the Chromaticity Diagram of the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage, suggesting that they have great potential application in optoelectronic devices.
关键词： Fluorescent carbon dots,Nitrogen doping,Light-emitting diodes,Microwave-assisted hydrothermal,Starch
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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Bright high-colour-purity deep-blue carbon dot light-emitting diodes via efficient edge amination
摘要： Deep-blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (emitting at wavelengths of less than 450 nm) are important for solid-state lighting, vivid displays and high-density information storage. Colloidal quantum dots, typically based on heavy metals such as cadmium and lead, are promising candidates for deep-blue LEDs, but these have so far had external quantum efficiencies lower than 1.7%. Here we present deep-blue light-emitting materials and devices based on carbon dots. The carbon dots produce emission with a narrow full-width at half-maximum (about 35 nm) with high photoluminescence quantum yield (70% ± 10%) and a colour coordinate (0.15, 0.05) closely approaching the standard colour Rec. 2020 (0.131, 0.046) specification. Structural and optical characterization, together with computational studies, reveal that amine-based passivation accounts for the efficient and high-colour-purity emission. Deep-blue LEDs based on these carbon dots display high performance with a maximum luminance of 5,240 cd m?2 and an external quantum efficiency of 4%, notably exceeding that of previously reported quantum-tuned solution-processed deep-blue LEDs.
关键词： carbon dots,deep-blue LEDs,amine-based passivation,external quantum efficiency,high-colour-purity
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22