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[IEEE 2018 International Ural Conference on Green Energy (UralCon) - Chelyabinsk (2018.10.4-2018.10.6)] 2018 International Ural Conference on Green Energy (UralCon) - Determination of the Parameters of the Solar System to Compensate for the Thermal Losses of a Single-chamber Vertical Cylindrical Reactor
摘要： The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of using the solar system to partially compensate for the heat losses of the methanogenesis reactor of the bioenergy station "EcoVoltAgro" with a volume of 25 m3. In the process of research, the method of comparative analysis was used. Calculation of the available solar radiation was carried out on the basis of the information of the climatological database of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States for coordinates corresponding to the geographical location of Orenburg. Optimal parameters of the solar system are proposed to compensate for the heat losses of a single-chamber vertical cylindrical methane-genesis reactor, the required surface area and the number of solar collectors for each month of the year are determined. In order to reduce the cost of creating a solar system with a large number of solar collectors, a schematic diagram of a heating system for a methane-genesis reactor based on solar collectors and a boiler operating on biogas is proposed. The calculation of biogas savings for each month of the year is made using the proposed scheme.
关键词： bioenergetic station,solar collectors,solar system,methanogenesis reactor,alternative energy sources
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Design of Collectors for High Average/Continuous-Wave Power Gyro-Devices
摘要： In this paper, techniques to improve the collector’s dissipated power density threshold are discussed first. Then, theories of electron collection are presented, aiming at improving the effective electron-collecting area and collecting uniformity. Specifically, the layered electron beam collection in linear-taper collector, respectively, with constant and gradually varying magnetic field is modeled and discussed. Results indicate that a quasi-rectangular shape collection can be realized as the tangential collection dominates. Finally, the using of a compensation coil is analyzed and the corresponding collector is designed.
关键词： gyro-devices,high average/continuous-wave power,dissipated power (DP) density,Collectors
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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[IEEE 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - Vladivostok, Russia (2018.10.3-2018.10.4)] 2018 International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies (FarEastCon) - The Increase of the Effectiveness of the Autonomous System of Solar Energy Supply
摘要： For the effective heat supply of the consumers the solar energy is viewed with the aim of replacing the organic fuel the costs on which constantly increase. The analysis of the existing solar collectors as the basic element of the system of solar heat supply and its factors for the increase of the effectiveness of its usage is shown. The interconnection of constructive and regime parameters of solar collectors and the necessity of the regulating the regime of their work for the effectiveness of the system of solar heat supply as a whole are also shown. To achieve the formulated purpose the regulating of the scheme of the connection of solar collectors between them is offered and as the source of power supply the solar battery is suggested for providing the autonomy of the system of solar heat supply. The principle of the control of the scheme of the connecting of solar collectors and the description of the regime of work of the suggested device are examined. The block scheme of the algorithm of control for providing the given parameters of regulating is worked out and shown.
关键词： system of solar heat supply,parameters of solar collector,algorithm of control,scheme of the connection of the collectors,solar collector,solar battery,solar radiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Effect of number of collectors (N) on the environment due to single slope solar desalination unit coupled with N identical evacuated tubular collectors
摘要： This research paper talks about the investigation of the effect of number of collectors on the environment due to single slope solar desalination unit (SSSDU) coupled with N identical evacuated tubular collectors (N-ETC). The analysis is observed for typical days of May and December for the atmospheric situation of New Delhi with the help of analytical program fed in MATLAB. The average daily energy output has been estimated followed by the evaluation of amount of carbon mitigated and enviroeconomic parameter for various values of N at selected value of flow of fluid mass per unit time. The input data required for the numerical computations have been taken from IMD, Pune, India. It has been observed that the value of environmental cost or enviroeconomic parameter increases with the raise in the value of N at selected value of fluid flow mass/unit time.
关键词： Number of collectors,Environmental effect,evacuated tubular collector (ETC),single slope solar still (SSSS)
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Challenges and opportunities for nanomaterials in spectral splitting for high-performance hybrid solar photovoltaic-thermal applications: A review
摘要： Hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) collectors, which are capable of cogenerating useful thermal energy and electricity from the same aperture area, have a significantly higher overall efficiency and ability to displace emissions compared to independent, separate photovoltaic panels, solar thermal collectors or combinations thereof. Spectral splitting has emerged as a promising route towards next-generation high-performance PV-T collectors, and nanotechnology plays an important role in meeting the optical and thermal requirements of advanced spectral splitting PV-T collector designs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of spectral splitting technologies based on nanomaterials for PV-T applications. Emerging nanomaterials (nanofluids, nanofilms and nanowires) suitable for achieving spectral splitting based on reflection, diffraction, refraction and/or absorption approaches in PV-T collectors are presented, along with the associated challenges and opportunities of these design approaches. The requirements from such materials in terms of optical properties, thermal properties, stability and cost are discussed with the aim of guiding future research and innovation, and developing this technology towards practical application. Nanofluids and nanofilms are currently the most common nanomaterials used for spectral splitting, with significant progress made in recent years in the development of these materials. Nevertheless, there still remains a considerable gap between the optical properties of currently-available filters and the desired properties of ideal filters. Aiming to instruct and guide the future development of filter materials, a simple generalized method is further proposed in this paper to identify optimal filters and efficiency limits of spectral splitting PV-T systems for different scenarios. It is found that the optimal filter of a spectral splitting PV-T system is highly sensitive to the value of thermal energy relative to that of electricity, which therefore depends strongly on the application and location. The efficiency limit of spectral splitting PV-T collectors is significantly higher than that of standalone PV panels. The stability of nanomaterial filters remains a critical challenge for their long-term employment and also for high-temperature operation in practical applications.
关键词： Nanofilms,Spectral splitting,Nanomaterials,Thermal properties,Stability,Nanofluids,Optical properties,Cost,Nanowires,Hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) collectors
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Performance analysis of photovoltaic-thermal air collectors combined with a water to air heat exchanger for renewed air conditioning in building
摘要： In this work, a new solar system that includes photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) air collectors coupled to a water-to-air heat exchanger is investigated. The considered system generates sufficient energy for cooling and heating of the ambient air injected in a 300 m2 tertiary building and saves its total energy consumption. Therefore, it allows the minimization of greenhouse gas emissions of the building. A numerical model is developed to ensure comfortable temperatures during summer and winter, including days with the highest energy needs. The results show that the proposed system can generate the required heating and cooling needs using an airflow rate equal to 0.25 kg/s and a PVT area of 17 m2. It was found that the coupling of the PVT air collectors with a water to air heat exchanger minimizes the total required area for heating by ~ 33%. Moreover, the PV module’s efficiency was enhanced by 2.0% in winter and 5.1% in summer. The thermal energy saved for heating, thermal energy saved for cooling and the electrical energy saved are, respectively, equal to 15.30 kWh/day, 24.79 kWh/day, and 3.14 kWh/day. This represents an average emission reduction of 11.4 kg CO2 per day.
关键词： Water to air heat exchanger,Energy saving,Thermal comfort in buildings,Photovoltaic air collectors,Renewable energies,Greenhouse gas emissions
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Improving Thermal and Electrical Efficiency in Photovoltaic Thermal Systems for Sustainable Cooling System Integration
摘要： Research into photovoltaic thermal systems is important in solar technologies as photovoltaic thermal systems are designed to produce both electrical and thermal energy, this can lead to improved performance of the overall system. The performance of photovoltaic thermal systems is based on several factors that include photovoltaic thermal materials, design, ambient temperature, inlet and outlet fluid temperature and photovoltaic cell temperature. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of photovoltaic thermal outlet water temperatures and solar cell temperature on both electrical and thermal efficiency for different range of inlet water temperature. To achieve this, a mathematical model of a photovoltaic thermal system was developed to calculate the anticipated system performance. The factors that affect the efficiency of photovoltaic thermal collectors were discussed and the outlet fluid temperature from the photovoltaic thermal is investigated in order to reach the highest overall efficiency for the solar cooling system. An average thermal and electrical efficiency of 65% and 13.7%, respectively, was achieved and the photovoltaic thermal mathematical model was validated with experimental data from literature.
关键词： Solar collectors,Photovoltaic,Outlet temperature,Solar cooling,Photovoltaic thermal systems,Thermal efficiency,Electrical efficiency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Payback times and multiple midpoint/endpoint impact categories about Building-Integrated Solar Thermal (BIST) collectors
摘要： The purpose of the present article is the evaluation, by means of life cycle assessment, of a system which consists of vacuum-tube solar thermal collectors. The system is appropriate for building integration and it has been developed in France. The methods ReCiPe and USEtox have been adopted. Regarding life-cycle results, according to the scenario “without recycling” and for 30-year system lifespan, ReCiPe payback time was calculated to be 18.14 years based on France's electricity mix whereas by using Spain's electricity mix (hypothetical scenario) it was found to be 4.03 years. Recycling offers a ReCiPe-payback time reduction of 2.66 years based on France's electricity mix and 0.59 years based on Spain's electricity mix. All the studied cases show ReCiPe payback times much lower than an assumed system-lifespan of 30 years. On the basis of ReCiPe midpoint and by considering material manufacturing of the 16 collectors and the additional elements of the system (scenario “without recycling”), among glass-, aluminium-, copper- and steel-based components, the copper-based ones present the highest impact in 15 of the 18 impact categories. For instance, for Freshwater eutrophication, the copper-based elements have a score that is around 30 times higher comparing to that of the aluminium-based ones. The USEtox ?ndings, for the material manufacturing of the 16 collectors and the supplementary elements of the system and for the scenario “without recycling”, reveal that the material with the highest total score in terms of: i) human toxicity/cancer is copper (6.7E?09 CTUh), ii) human toxicity non-cancer is propylene glycol (4.0E?08 CTUh), iii) ecotoxicity is copper (2.06 CTUe). Recycling of the metals, according to USEtox, offers an impact reduction of 20–95%. A discussion about factors that in?uence the environmental pro?le of building-integrated solar systems is also provided.
关键词： Vacuum-tube solar thermal collectors,ReCiPe,Building-Integrated Solar Thermal (BIST) system,Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Thermal and electrical performance evaluation of PV/T collectors in Southern India
摘要： Combination of Photovoltaic and solar thermal collectors is used for the simultaneous production of electricity and heat. The proposed research work evaluates the thermal performance of Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) hybrid collectors for the hot and humid weather condition of North Tamilnadu, South India. It is done by providing the cooling arrangement under the collector using wooden duct with baffles. Various parameters influencing the performance of the collector such as solar irradiance, ambient, glazing and tedlar temperatures, air inlet and outlet temperatures at the duct, velocity and mass flow rate of air inside the duct are analysed. The thermal and electrical performances of the PV/T collectors are evaluated under natural and forced circulation of air through the thermal collector. The experimental results are presented in this paper.
关键词： thermal performance,cooling arrangement and wooden duct with baffles,PV/T collectors,electrical performance
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36
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Techno‐economic analysis of applying linear parabolic and flat plate solar collectors for heating a building and their comparative evaluation
摘要： In this study, utilizing two types of solar collectors, including linear parabolic (LPC) and flat solar (FPC) collectors to heat a residential building was investigated from technical and economical point of views. The performance of these two systems were obtained and compared with each other in the cold months of the year in the South-East of Iran. The building and the heating systems were simulated in the TRNSYS software. Both the heating systems were separately analyzed from the energy and economic point of views. Results showed that the FPC and LPC heating systems delivered 51.3% and 46.7% of the received solar energy to the building, respectively. The results also showed that the solar fractions of the LPC and FPC heating systems are 22% and 8.6%, respectively. It was found that the thermal storage tank in the FPC hearing system is more useful than the LPC heating system as the LPC heating system with storage tank has a lower rate of heat loss compared to the system with no thermal storage tank. The rate of return investments in the FPC and LPC heating systems were 18.1% and 22.8%, respectively.
关键词： economic analysis,linear parabolic collectors (LPC),TRNSYS,heating load,flat plate collector (FPC),solar heating
更新于2025-09-19 17:15:36