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Reply to: Can lasers really refrigerate CdS nanobelts?
摘要： Five years ago, Xiong and co-workers reported the net laser cooling of a CdS nanobelt1, which seemed to be the remarkable conclusion to a 16-year search for ways to successfully cool a semiconductor using light2,3. However, as we describe below, there are questions and concerns about this study that cast doubts on its validity.
关键词： optical refrigeration,CdS nanobelts,semiconductors,laser cooling
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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EIT Ground State Cooling Scheme of 171Yb+ Based on the 2S1/2→2P1/2 Cooling Transition
摘要： We propose a method for EIT ground state cooling of 171Yb+ ion, which involves three light ?elds with detuning on a MHz scale. The steady-state mean vibrational quantum number is calculated to be less than 0.005. E?cient cooling is achievable in a motional-mode frequency range of 2π · (1.5 ± 0.5 MHz).
关键词： EIT cooling,ion laser cooling,ground motional state,sideband cooling
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications (ICASSDA) - Kuching (2018.8.15-2018.8.17)] 2018 International Conference on Computational Approach in Smart Systems Design and Applications (ICASSDA) - Experimental and Simulated Evaluation of Temperature Effect on Panel Efficiency Performance with Front Water Cooling
摘要： The solar photovoltaic (SPV) panel cell’s temperature is the main parameter that gives significant effect on the conversion efficiency of SPV panel. In the present work, simple and efficient front water spraying cooling system in a photovoltaic panel has been designed and developed to introduce active cooling in order to eliminate heat. The performance of the proposed cooling system has been tested and evaluated for the weather climate of a city in Jitra Kedah, Malaysia. The experimental result revealed that with front water cooling system the cell temperature measured at the back of the solar panel can be significantly reduced up to 20-22 ?C. Consequently the electrical efficiency of the SPV panel improves by 10.5% with the introduction of the proposed cooling technique.
关键词： front water cooling,photovoltaic panel,panel efficiency,water spraying
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Determination of the phase relation of a Li La(1?)/3NbO3 system by the slow cooling floating zone method
摘要： The phase relation during cooling of molten LixLa(1?x)/3NbO3 (LLN) was investigated by the slow cooling ?oating zone (SCFZ) method. It was found that LLN melts incongruently into LaNbO4 and a liquid. From the results of an electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of the SCFZ samples, the solubility limit of Li into LLN was estimated to be x = 0.29, and the distribution coe?cient of Li into LLN appeared to be 0.54. The melting temperatures of LLN with various Li content were determined by di?erential thermal analysis. The results of the present work could be valuable for the growth of high-quality LLN single crystals.
关键词： Lithium compounds,Solubility,Oxides,Slow cooling ?oating zone,Phase diagrams,Lanthanum lithium niobate
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Thermal lensing measurements of Ti: Sapphire crystal pumped at 80?MHz picosecond pulses by Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor
摘要： The thermal lensing effects in the lasing crystal appear to be dominant when the pump laser focused on the lasing crystal which causes the local heating effect. The spatial refractive index variations observed if the crystal has non-uniform temperature distribution. In the present study, the demonstration of thermal lensing effect of Brewster-cut Ti: Sapphire crystal carried out when pumped by 25 ps pulses at 80 MHz repetition rate with 532 nm central wavelength, while the average pump power controlled by the attenuator. The thermal lensing effects measured first at the ～293 K temperature and later at ～40 K by using the cryogenic cooling system. The thermal lensing variations at different average pump power were calculated and measured by using the HASO4 Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.
关键词： Thermal lens,Cryogenic cooling,Ti: Sapphire crystal,Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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The mechanical and thermal setup of the GLORIA spectrometer
摘要： The novel airborne Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) measures infrared emission of atmospheric trace constituents. GLORIA comprises a cooled imaging Fourier transform spectrometer, which is operated in unpressurized aircraft compartments at ambient temperature. The whole spectrometer is pointed by the gimbal towards the atmospheric target. In order to reach the required sensitivity for atmospheric emission measurements, the spectrometer optics needs to operate at a temperature below 220 K. A lightweight and compact design is mandatory due to limited space and high agility requirements. The cooled optical system needs to withstand high pressure and temperature gradients, humidity, and vibrations. A new cooling system based on carbon dioxide and liquid nitrogen combined with high-performance insulation has been developed to meet the mechanical, thermal, and logistical demands. The challenging mechanical and spatial requirements lead to the development of a novel rigid linear slide design in order to achieve the large optical path difference for high spectral resolution. This paper describes the mechanical and thermal setup of GLORIA and presents the performance results on two different research aircrafts.
关键词： cooling system,atmospheric trace constituents,Fourier transform spectrometer,thermal design,mechanical design,GLORIA,infrared emission,airborne
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Open Innovations (OI) - South Africa (2018.10.3-2018.10.5)] 2018 Open Innovations Conference (OI) - Prospective Use of Thermoelectric Device for PV Panel Cooling
摘要： The electrical efficiency of a photovoltaic panel is influenced by the rise in the panel’s temperature, especially at temperatures from and above 25 °C. For cooling a photovoltaic panel, a thermoelectric module operated as a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) attached at the back of a photovoltaic panel is a practical solution. The TEC module is used to absorb the heat generated on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, which is then dispersed by a heat-sink mounted on the opposite side of a TEC. This paper deals with the development of a mathematical model to optimally control a TEC and take into account the amount of energy used to cool down a photovoltaic panel.
关键词： Photovoltaic cooling,Solar energy,Thermoelectric cooler,Photovoltaic panel
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Paris, France (2018.7.8-2018.7.13)] 2018 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2018) - Methods for Electrical Cooling and Thermometry of a Suspended Silicon Chip
摘要： We suspend a heavily doped conducting silicon chip by tunnel junctions and aluminum leads, which permits the measurement and control of electrical and phonon heat ?uxes. Experiments and analysis on heat conduction and electrical cooling utilize techniques developed for electron pumps and primary thermometry, and the techniques developed for the cooler may also be useful for the development quantum phase slip based devices.
关键词： quantum standard,thermometry,electrical cooling,Cryogenics
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Simultaneously and Synergistically Harvest Energy from the Sun and Outer Space
摘要： The sun and outer space are the two most important fundamental thermodynamics resources for human beings on Earth. The capability for harvesting solar energy has been of central importance throughout the history of human civilization. Harvesting the coldness of outer space using radiative cooling technology also has a long history and has received renewed interest recently. However, simultaneously and synergistically harvesting energy from these two thermodynamics resources has never been realized. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of such simultaneous energy harvesting using a configuration where a solar absorber that is transparent in mid-infrared is placed above a radiative cooler. The solar absorber is heated to 24°C above the ambient temperature and provides a shading mechanism that enables the radiative cooler to reach 29°C below the ambient temperature. This work points to a new avenue for harvesting of renewable energy resources.
关键词： thermodynamics,renewable energy,energy harvesting,solar energy,radiative cooling
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Reduced Graphene Oxide Membrane induced Robust Structural Colors towards Personal Thermal Management
摘要： Angle-independent structural colors are prepared by membrane separation-assisted assembly (MSAA) method with modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the substrate membrane. We show that the wrinkled and crumpled rGO laminates not only ensure uneven morphology of colloidal film but improve color saturation by decreasing coherent scattering. In addition, we study the influence of stopband position on thermal insulation property of the colloidal film for the first time. High absolute temperature difference of 6.9 oC is achieved comparing with control sample. And films with longer stopband positions indicate better thermal insulation performance because of inherent slow photon effect in photonic structure. This general principle of thermal insulation by colloidal films opens the way to new generation of thermal management materials.
关键词： angle-independent,thermal management,human body cooling,graphene,structural color
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36