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- 摘要
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- 实验方案
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Comparative Evaluation of 15 Laser and Perfluorodecalin Combinations for Tattoo Removal
摘要： We present a case of laser tattoo removal treated with 15 different combinations using picosecond 1064 nm, picosecond 755 nm, nanosecond 755 nm, and a fractionated CO2 laser, both with and without a perfluorodecalin (PFD) patch to ascertain the most effective approach. A single lower extremity black tattoo was divided into 15 treatment sections allowing for testing of various laser and PFD combinations. Sectioned treatment was conducted until a treatment superiority was noted. After two sessions using sectioned combination treatments with a 4‐week interval clinically significant results were produced. The combination of picosecond 1064 nm, picosecond 755 nm, and a fractionated CO2 laser without the PFD patch showed superior clinical improvement over the other combinations.
关键词： tattoo removal,PFD,CO2,1064,755,tattoo
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Safe and Effective Laser Hair Removal Treatments
摘要： Objective: The aim of this study was to review the current literature regarding safe and effective laser hair removal (LHR) treatments. Methods: Significant and current studies (2008–2017) were retrieved through a series of searches conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane, and MEDLINE databases using Boolean terms/phrases. Pertinent results are explained in narrative form with supporting tables and figures. Results: Today, there is a vast amount of current literature on the need for LHR treatments and on its side effects and comparative studies using various lasers on the market. There is an ongoing concern associated with the lack of standards and guidelines. Conclusion: Practitioners interested in offering LHR within the primary care setting must verify that operating a Class 4 medical device is within their scope of practice. Despite the increased popularity of LHR treatments and the advancement of technology, there are limited up-to-date information on safe and effective treatment parameters and minimal information regarding the importance of patient education. More research is necessary to determine the efficacy of LHR treatments in both men and women of all ages and skin types. With no LHR guidelines in place, the best practice for LHR treatments is contained within this literature review using the most recent research available to date.
关键词： Safe Laser Treatments,Laser,Effective Laser Treatments,Laser Hair Removal,PCOS,Permanent Hair Reduction
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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[IEEE 2018 IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation (SSIAI) - Las Vegas, NV (2018.4.8-2018.4.10)] 2018 IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation (SSIAI) - A Reflectance Based Method For Shadow Detection and Removal
摘要： Shadows are common aspect of images and when left undetected can hinder scene understanding and visual processing. We propose a simple yet effective approach based on reflectance to detect shadows from single image. An image is first segmented and based on the reflectance, illumination and texture characteristics, segments pairs are identified as shadow and non-shadow pairs. The proposed method is tested on two publicly available and widely used datasets. Our method achieves higher accuracy in detecting shadows compared to previous reported methods despite requiring fewer parameters. We also show results of shadow-free images by relighting the pixels in the detected shadow regions.
关键词： image enhancement,shadow removal,reflectance classifier,shadow detection
更新于2025-09-11 14:15:04
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Spectroscopic and thermal analysis of lead-free multipurpose radiation shielding glasses
摘要： The genetic algorithm was used to identify glasses, of the composition 50Bi2O3-(50-x) B2O3-xBaO with wt.%, that have a similar half-value layer (HVL) and neutron removal cross-section. The structure of these glasses was further explored using a combination of spectroscopic and thermal analysis in order to ascertain whether they possess advantageous physical properties comparable to traditional materials used in nuclear reactor design. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was used to examine the thermal profile of the glass system and to identify glass transition temperature Tg and softening temperature Ts. Glass of the composition 50Bi2O3-30B2O3-20BaO had exhibited the highest thermal stability. Analysis of the Raman spectra of the samples confirmed the presence of BiO6 octahedrons and B-O-B bonds in poly borate chains. A deconvolution of the IR spectra was carried out to determine the relative proportions of BO3 triangles to BO4 tetrahedral units in the glass network that would affect the density and bulk modulus. Optical absorption spectrum of the samples exhibited absorption peaks in the blue region along with a broad band of absorption at longer red wavelengths associated with excitation of bismuth ions. When compared to traditional heavy concretes used in radiation shielding, the bismuth-barium borate glasses exhibited superior performance over conventional barite concrete as a gamma-radiation shield and was comparable to limonite concrete as a neutron radiation shield. The bulk modulus of the glass series was also found to be comparable to that of regular concrete at approximately to 30 GPa.
关键词： Half-value layer,Heavy metal oxide,Neutron removal cross-section,Genetic algorithm
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Cloud-Gan: Cloud Removal for Sentinel-2 Imagery Using a Cyclic Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks
摘要： Cloud cover is a serious impediment in land surface analysis from Remote Sensing images either causing complete obstruction (thick clouds) with loss of information or blurry effects when being semi-transparent (thin clouds). While thick clouds require complete pixel replacement, thin cloud removal is fairly challenging as the atmospheric and land-cover information is intertwined. In this paper, we address this problem and propose a Cloud-GAN to learn the mapping between cloudy images and cloud-free images. The adversarial loss in the proposed method constrains the distribution of generated images to be close enough to the underlying distribution of the non-cloudy images. An additional cycle consistency loss is used to further restrain the generator to predict cloud-free images only of the same scene as reflected in the cloudy images. Our method not only rejects the necessity of any paired (cloud/cloud-free) training dataset but also avoids the need of any additional (expensive) spectral source of information such as Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery which is cloud penetrable. Lastly, we demonstrate the efficacy of our technique by training on an openly available and fairly new Sentinel-2 Imagery dataset consisting of real clouds. We also show significant improvement in PSNR values after removing clouds on synthetic images thus validating the competency of our methodology.
关键词： Deep Learning,Cloud Removal,Sentinel-2 Imagery,Generative Adversarial Networks
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Experimental investigations on super-smooth polishing of strontium titanate based ceramics substrates
摘要： Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is a new type of multi-function electronic ceramic material. SrTiO3 ceramic substrates with a high dielectric constant can be obtained by non-pressurised sintering using ultrathin blanks, which result in the characteristics of thin, soft, brittle and warped. So that SrTiO3 ceramics substrates need to be polished to improve surface quality and dimensional precision before application. In this research, polish experiments with various processing parameters on the surface roughness, the material removal rate and the surface morphologies of SrTiO3 ceramic substrates were conducted. The results show that the SrTiO3 ceramic substrate with a highest quality surface was obtained in the condition: employing a brown polyurethane pad to polish the substrates at a polishing velocity of 45 r/min. Meanwhile, the slurry flow rate, the concentration of the polishing slurry and the polishing pressure were 20 ml/min, 4 wt% and 15.043 kPa, respectively, which rates with an overall and a partial surface roughness of Ra 0.01 μm and Ra 4 nm, respectively. While some new micro-scratches were generated on the surface of the SrTiO3 ceramics substrate in the polishing process because the embedding and scratching of abrasive particle led to expose the inherent pores and grain boundaries.
关键词： ceramic substrate,material removal rate,strontium titanate,polishing,surface roughness
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Nitrate Removal via Formate Radical-induced Photochemical Process
摘要： Removal of excess nitrate is critical to balance the nitrogen cycle in aquatic systems. This study investigated a novel denitrification process by tailoring photochemistry of nitrate with formate. Under UV light irradiation, short-lived radicals (i.e., HO·, NO2· and CO3·-) generated from nitrate photolysis partially oxidized formate to highly reductive formate radical (CO2·-). CO2·- further reduced nitrogen intermediates generated during photochemical denitrification (mainly NO·, HNO, and N2O) to gas-phase nitrogen (i.e., N2O and N2). The degradation kinetics of total dissolved nitrogen was mainly controlled by the photolysis rates of nitrate and nitrite. The distribution of final products was controlled by the reaction between CO2·- and N2O. To achieve a simultaneous and complete removal of dissolved nitrogen (i.e., nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia) and organic carbon, the formate-to-nitrate stoichiometry was determined as 3.1 ± 0.2 at neutral pH in deionized water. Solution pH impacted the removal rates of nitrate and nitrite, but not that of total dissolved nitrogen or formate. The presence of dissolved organic matter at levels similar to groundwater had a negligible impact on the photochemical denitrification process. A high denitrification efficiency was also achieved in a synthetic groundwater matrix. Outcome from this study provides a potential denitrification technology for decentralized water treatment and reuse facilities to abate nitrate in local water resources.
关键词： denitrification,water treatment,nitrate removal,photochemical process,formate radical
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Augmenting nitrogen removal by periphytic biofilm strengthened via upconversion phosphors (UCPs)
摘要： The application of periphytic biofilm in removing nitrogen from water is limited by the fluctuating nitrogen concentration. Here, we delineate a novel approach to enhance periphytic biofilm performance in nitrogen removal via upconversion luminescence of upconversion phosphors (UCPs). Nitrogen removal rates (14 d) in high nitrogen wastewater (26 mg/L) were significantly improved to 58.6% and 61.4% by UCPs doped with Pr3+ and Li+ and UCPs doped with Pr3+, respectively, and to 95.1% and 95.9% in low nitrogen surface water (2 mg/L), respectively. The stimulation of UCPs optimized the microbial community structure in the periphytic biofilms, and also resulted in good acclimation to use different carbon sources. The enhanced synergic action of cyanobacterial biomass, ratio of Gram +ve to Gram -ve bacteria and carbon source metabolic capacity contributed to the improved nitrogen removal. This novel approach is promising in nitrogen removal from wastewater and surface water with fluctuating initial nitrogen concentration.
关键词： Nitrogen removal,Microbial aggregates,Upconversion luminescence,Microbial community structure,Periphytic biofilm
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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Low-temperature elemental mercury removal over TiO2 nanorods-supported MnOx-FeOx-CrOx
摘要： TiO2 nanorods-supported MnOx, FeOx, CrOx, and MnOx-FeOx-CrOx catalysts have been prepared by a deposition-precipitation method, with the aim of investigating the combination of ternary metal oxides effect on elemental mercury (Hg0) removal. The TiO2 nanorods-supported MnOx-FeOx-CrOx catalyst manifested the superior Hg0 removal efficiency (~80-83%) at low temperatures (100-200°C) in the presence of O2. The addition of NO promoted the Hg0 removal efficiency under the same reaction conditions. Further, SEM, HRTEM, XRD, BET surface area, and XPS characterization were carried out to explore the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. It was found that the integration of three active metal oxides contributed to the enrichment of active sites and the surface adsorbed oxygen species, which facilitated to enhance the catalytic activity. Additionally, both the large surface area and high crystallization of the obtained TiO2 nanorods resulted in uniform dispersion of the manganese-iron-chromium mixed metal oxide nanoparticles and a high activity. Further, XPS data of spent MnOx-FeOx-CrOx/TiO2 catalyst indicated that the presence of Mn4+, Cr6+, and Fe3+ could promote Hg0 oxidation due to the strong synergistic interaction between the TiO2 nanorods-incorporated MnOx, FeOx, and CrOx nanoparticles.
关键词： Deposition-precipitation,MnOx-FeOx-CrOx,Synergistic interaction,TiO2 nanorods,Flue gas,Hg0 removal
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36
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[IEEE IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Valencia, Spain (2018.7.22-2018.7.27)] IGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium - Cloud Shadow Removal Based on Cloud Transmittance Estimation
摘要： This paper proposes a method of cloud shadow removal for multispectral images to retrieve the ground reflectance of areas shadowed by clouds. Cloud shadows are cast when incident direct solar irradiance gets attenuated by clouds. To retrieve the ground reflectance of the shadowed pixels, it is required to estimate pixel-wise attenuation factor for the solar irradiance. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed technique takes the physical model of cloud shadow formation into account to accurately estimate the attenuation factors. According to the physical model, the factors are derived from the transmittance of an occluding cloud. Visual and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the well-known de-shadowing algorithm. The average correlation coefficient of the corrected image with a reference image is improved from 0.45 to 0.75 by the proposed method as compared to the conventional method. Further, the average spectral angle with a reference image is improved by 10%.
关键词： shadow removal,Cloud,physical model,spectral unmixing
更新于2025-09-10 09:29:36